Life history characteristics of goshawks first breeding at ages 2-, 3-, and 4+-year-olds.

Tukey multiple comparisons of mean (± 95% CI) lifespans (years), breeding lifespans (years), number of breeding attempts, nest failure rates, and lifetime reproduction (LR) for 164 first breeding at ages 2-, 3-, and 4+-year-olds (4-year and older known-age + ≥4-years-old) goshawks in the 1992‒2000 cohorts in Arizona, USA.