The Most Common Contagious Disease in Children Today

Dug je niz bolesti koje su specifične samo za djecu (uključujući i neke zarazne bolesti). U ovom radu su navedene najčešće zarazne bolesti djece predškolske dobi danas, te je svaka bolest pojedinačno opisana s obzirom na njezinu kliničku sliku, simptome, liječenje, dijagnozu. Neke od njačešćih bolesti su rubeola, ospice, vodene kozice i dr. Obzirom da se radi o zaraznim bolestima, prevencija čini jedenu od glavnih stavki k suzbijanju same zaraze i oboljenja. Stoga je od velike važnosti da roditelji i odgajatelji što više više poznaju te bolesti i da budu u stanju razlikovati stanja bolesnog i zdravog djeteta. U medicini postoji niz preventivnih mjera, a preventivne mjere koje se provode u vrtiću su: održavanje osobne higijene, redovito održavanje čistoće svih prostora i opreme uz propisanu dezinfekciju korištenih predmeta i površina, sistematski zdravstveni pregled djeteta pri upisu u dječji vrtić, zdravstveni pregled djeteta nakon izostanka iz vrtića zbog bolesti, protuepidemijske mjere u slučaju zarazne bolesti, zdravstveni odgoj zaposlenih u dječjem vrtiću, kao i roditelja i posvojitelja djece, izolacija bolesnika, cijepljenje protiv zaraznih bolesti. Premda su u posljednje vrijeme mišljenja roditelja o cijepljenju podijeljena, ono zasigurno predstavlja jedan je od najdjelotvornijih načina za suzbijanje zaraznih bolesti i cjelokupne zaštite ljudske populacije.There are a wide range of diseases that are specific to children only (including some infectious diseases). This work presents the most common contagious diseases of pre-school children today, and each disease is individually described with regard to its clinical picture, symptoms, treatment, diagnosis. Some of the most common diseases are rubella, measles, watermelon, etc. Obviously, that it is an infectious disease, prevention makes it one of the main items to suppress the infection and illness itself. It is therefore of great importance that parents and educators know as much as these diseases and are able to differentiate the condition of a sick and healthy child. There are a number of preventive measures in medicine, and preventive measures in kindergartens are: maintenance of personal hygiene, regular maintenance of cleanliness of all premises and equipment with the prescribed disinfection of used objects and surfaces, systematic medical examination of children entering nursery, absenteeism in kindergarten due to illness, anti-epidemic measures in case of contagious disease, health education in kindergarten, as well as parents and adopters of children, isolation of patients, vaccination against infectious diseases. Although recent opinions of parents about vaccination are divided, it is certainly one of the most effective ways to combat contagious diseases and the overall protection of the human population