Laser‐induced coloration of ceramic tiles covered with magnetron sputtered precursor layers

This paper reports a new methodology for the coloring of glazed ceramic tiles consisting of the near infrared pulsed laser processing of copper containing oxide coatings prepared by magnetron sputtering. As a second approach, the employ for the same purpose of a novel laser furnace technique is also described. Changing the laser parameters and using the laser furnace to treat the tiles at high temperature during irradiation has resulted in a wide color palette. The optical characterization of the modified tiles by UV‐Vis spectroscopy has been complemented with their microstructural and compositional analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Time Of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS). The chemical composition of the surface was obtained by X‐ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS) and its structure determined by X?ray diffraction (XRD). The chemical resistance was characterized by several tests following the norm ISO 10545‐13. Color changes have been attributed to surface microstructural and chemical transformations that have been accounted for by simple models involving different ablation, melting, diffusion, and segregation/agglomeration phenomena depending on the laser treatments employed.Financial support from the EU (LIFE11/ENV/ES560), Innovaragón (ITA‐DGA/ES 1368), DGA (Group T87), and projects 201560E055, MAT2015‐69035‐REDC and MAT2016‐79866‐R from MINECO are gratefully acknowledged. F. Rey‐García acknowledges the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) for the Grant SFRH/BPD/108581/2015.Peer reviewe