Infectiologie sur mesure - 3. Transplantation de microbiote fécal : l’exemple du traitement de Clostridioides difficile [Customised infectiology - Fecal microbiota transplantation : following the Clostridioides difficile pathway]

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) raised, in the recent years, a growing interest, mostly in Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). The concept of FMT is quite simple based on the administration of fecal matter from a healthy donor to a patient with a disease related to the gut microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis). Although the theory seems straightforward, the fine mechanisms are multiple and not yet completely understood. In Switzerland, FMT is considered as a drug under the pharmacist responsibility. The only official indication for FMT is multi-recurrent CDI. For practical reasons, most of the FMT are performed with fresh stools, but development of frozen forms and capsules should considerably enhance treatment delivery. Other indications are currently investigated but not yet in the clinical routine