International audienceIn the 21st century it is becoming increasingly difficult for governments to keep secret information, regardless of their motive for wanting to do so. Using the famous cases of Julian Assange (founder of Wikileaks) and Edward Snowden, the author reflects on the nature of the State and its justification for keeping State secrets. Considering the governments' reaction to the revelation of information of prime importance for citizens, but also the close surveillance of the citizen's private communications by their own government, the author asks what the right balance should be between perfect government transparency and complete opacity, and how to reach that balance.Au XXIème siècle il devient de plus en plus difficile ...