The control of the French administration on the associations of the 19th Century : the example of the French department of the Isère (1810-1901)

Consacré par la loi de 1901 comme un droit, le fait de s'associer, de se regrouper, a connu d'importantes manifestations dès le XIXe siècle, malgré les interdictions révolutionnaires. La thèse se propose de comprendre à partir du département de l'Isère, les codes légaux et administratifs de l'existence d'une liberté publique en cours de constitution. Au travers du prisme du préfet, elle mettra en valeur les différentes techniques administratives du contrôle et de la surveillance, ainsi que l'adaptation des groupements visés, adaptations variables selon les domaines d'activité. Pour cela, cette étude constitue une enquête juridique et historique sur la pratique d'une liberté publique fondamentale antérieurement à la reconnaissance législative.Established as a legal right through the law of 1901, the act of going into partnership and the act of joining together had been occurring in public circles from the 19th century on, despite the fact that these acts had been been banned by revolutionary decrees. This thesis uses as a focus the Isère Department, and analyses the French legal and administrative codes to scrutinise the real existence of a public freedom in its phase of construction. Using a theoretical framework which focuses on the French Departmental leader - the Préfet (the Prefect), this thesis will highlight the different administrative control and surveillance techniques as well as the adapatation of activity of its targeted groups. These adaptations were of a varied nature according their domain of business. To achieve this objective, this study is a legal and historical investigation on the practice of a fundamental public right before its legal acknowledgement