Life and work in Dubrovnik at the time of mercantilism

U ovome radu naglasak je na životu i radu u Dubrovniku u vrijeme merkantilizma, razdoblju koje je trajalo od 15. do 18. stoljeća. Merkantilizam osnovicom državnog bogatstva smatra zalihu zlata pa se državnim mjerama stimulira monopolističko posjedovanje sirovina, nametanje poreza, potiče vlastiti izvoz, investicije u trgovinu i promet i osvajanje novih tržišta. Merkantilizam je u 19. stoljeću napušten u korist slobodne utakmice pa kao posljedica pojave merkantilizma nastaju zajedništva trgovine, zajedništva financija, zajedništva državne uprave i vođenje kolonijalne politike. Na razvoj merkantilizma utjecao je tehnički napredak koji je posebno iskorišten u djelatanostima obrta, trgovine i pomorstva. Merkantilizam je u Hrvatskoj bio najrazvijeniji na području Dubrovačke Republike koja je imala razvijenu trgovinu i djelatnosti suknarstva i kovnice novca. U 17. st. dolazi do gospodarskog pada jer je država imala velike izdatke Otomanskom Carstvu, oslabila je trgovina a na dodatan ekonomski pad utječe i potres koji se zbio 1667. godine. Prijeloge Senatu o oporavku grada uručio je diplomat Stjepan Gradić u obliku spisa. Najveća pažnja bila je usmjerena na otvaranje novih obrta i manufaktura, obnavljanje tekstilne proizvodnje, štavljenje kože pa se na takav način spriječio uvoz. U umjetnosti je bilo značajno razdoblje gotike u kojemu su djelovali Juraj Dalmatinac i Nikola Božidarević.This paper focuses on life and work in Dubrovnik during the period of mercantilism, a period that lasted from the 15th to 18th centuries. Mercantilism on the basis of state wealth is considered to be a stock of gold, so state measures stimulate monopolistic possession of raw materials, imposing taxes, encouraging their own exports, investments in trade and commerce and encouraging the conquest of new markets. Mercantilism was abandoned in the 19th century for the benefit of free games, and as a consequence of the emergence of mercantilism, trade union, community of finance, communality of state administration and colonial policy were created. The development of mercantilism was affected by the technical progress that was especially used in the works of crafts, trade and maritime affairs. Mercantilism was most developed in Croatia in the area of the Republic of Dubrovnik, which had developed commerce and activities of knitting and needles. In the 17th century, there was an economic downturn because the state had large expenditures on the Ottoman Empire, weakened trade, and the economic downturn affected by the earthquake that occurred in 1667. The Revolt of the Senate on the Recovery of the City was handed over by diplomat Stjepan Gradić in the form of a file. The greatest attention was focused on the opening of new trades and manufactures, the restoration of textile production, and the tanning of leather, thus preventing imports. Art was a significant period of Gothic in which Juraj Dalmatinac and Nikola Božidarević acted