Theological perspective of beatitudes in the Gospel according to Mathew and in the Gospel according to Luke

Diplomski rad posvećen je proučavanju blaženstava kod Mateja i Luke. Rad se sastoji od tri dijela. Prvi dio se bavi blaženstvima na općenit način, iznoseći temeljne karakteristike njihove pojave u Starom i Novom zavjetu te smještajući ih u kontekst Evanđelja po Mateju odnosno Evanđelja po Luki. Na vidjelo izlazi povezanost između blaženstava u Starom i Novom zavjetu s obzirom da se Isusova blaženstva temelje na knjigama Staroga zavjeta. Ipak, važno je naglasiti kako u Starome zavjetu nemamo tako pažljivo sročen niz blaženstava kao u sklopu novozavjetnog Govora na Gori (usp. Mt 5 – 7) odnosno Govora na ravnu (usp. Lk 6,17-49). Drugi dio iznosi teološku analizu blaženstava u Evanđelju po Mateju i Evanđelju po Luki. Matejeva verzija blaženstava (usp. Mt 5,1-12) podijeljena je u tri skupine jer je kroz tri naslova izraženo ono najvažnije što se određenim blaženstvom željelo poručiti, koga obvezuje ili kome je upućeno. Blaženstva u Lukinu evanđelju (usp. Lk 6,20-26) podijeljena su u dvije skupine. Luka ih dijeli na četiri blago i četiri jao izraza, a te se podjele držimo u ovom radu. U Matejevoj verziji javljaju se tri blaženstva (usp. Mt 5,7-9) koja čine jednu misaonu cjelinu za koju nemamo paralelu u Lukinu evanđelju, a izdižu se iznad socioloških svojstava te odražavaju produhovljeni kršćanski moral koji je karakterističan za Prvo evanđelje. Dakle, teološka analiza upućuje na to da Matej više stavlja naglasak na duhovno, dok će se Luka kroz četiri blago i četiri jao izraza usredotočiti na konkretnu životnu zajednicu i povijesne slušatelje svoga vremena. Treći dio koji je ujedno i posljednji, ima za cilj upotpuniti ono što je rečeno u prethodna dva dijela. Stoga, u zadnjem dijelu nakon sučeljavanja na vidjelo izlaze bliskosti i razlike te specifični vidici koje otvaraju blaženstva kod Mateja i Luke. Na kraju rada naziremo kako blaženstva koja Krist donosi u Matejevoj odnosno Lukinoj verziji pokušavaju dati odgovore kršćanima koji žive u vrijeme kada je Evanđelje po Mateju odnosno po Luki napisano. Dakle, Matej i Luka Isusov govor tako formuliraju da povijesna zajednica kojoj pišu dobije poticaje za rješavanje svojih konkretnih problema.The thesis is devoted to studying the beatitudes of Matthew and Luke. It consists out of three parts. The first part deals with beatitudes in a general way, outlining the fundamental characteristics of their appearance in the Old and New Testament and placing them in the context of the Gospel of Matthew apropos the Gospel of Luke. The connection between the beatitudes in the Old and the New Testament is evident as the beatitudes of Jesus is based on the books of the Old Testament. Nevertheless, it is important to emphasize that in the Old Testament we dont have carefully worded a series of beatitudes, as we do in the New Testament Sermon on the Mount (cf. Mt 5 - 7) or the Sermon on the Plain (cf. Lk 6: 17-49). The second part contains the theological analysis of the beatitudes in the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke. The Matthew's version of the batitudes (cf. Mt 5: 1-12) is divided into three groups, because through the three titles we can see what is the core of a certain beatitude, who is it destined for, and who is commited by it. Beatitudes in Luke's Gospel (cf. Lk 6: 20-26) are divided into two groups. Luke divides them into four “blessed” and four “woe”, that is how we are gonna devide them in this thesis aswell. In the Matthew's version, there are three beatitudes (cf. Mt 5: 7-9) that make up a single thought unit for which we have no parallel in the Gospel of Luke. They rise above the sociological characteristics and reflect the spriritualized Christian morality that is characteristical in the First Gospel. Thus, theological analysis suggests that Matthew puts more emphasis on spirituality, while Luke through four “woe's” and four “blessed” focuses on a concrete life community and historical listeners of his time. The third part, which is also the last, aims to complete what has been said in the previous two parts. Hence, in the latter part after the confrontation, we will show a glimpse of the similitudes and differences between the specific aspects that can be seen in the beatitudes of Matthew and Luke. At the end of the work we notice that the beatitudes that Christ brings in Matthew's and Luke's version are trying to give answers to Christians living in the time when thoose Gospels were written. Thus, Matthew and Luke formulate their speech so that the historical community to whom they are writtting receives stimulus for dealing with their issues