The Development of Light-Weight Hydrogen Bottle and 5kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Stack

本研究開發(1)Ballard 1310 5kW燃料電池堆之氣體與水管理系統; (2)輕質化氫氣瓶結合碳纖維之應用。電池系統採燃料、空氣、水冷系統與微控制器搭配兩組5kW電池堆作系統整合。初階段時作業空間較大(2.0m×2.0m×1.5m)，系統管路較長，感測器數量也較多以確保測試安全。當確認系統的穩定性後，作業縮小到一個密閉空間(0.4m×0.5m×0.8m)，利用不同排放氫氣模式確認電池堆性能及安全性。接著，僅利用二極體連接兩性能相當接近的電池堆。結果顯示在有氫氣循環，排氣週期為2分鐘一次時，電池效率43.62%，氫氣使用率66.55%，最大輸出功率約9.52kW。之後，本研究利用鋁合金7075-T6製作一具高強度的氫氣瓶。銲接方式使用鎢極氣體保護電弧焊(GTAW)。因銲接處是最脆弱處，本研究在瓶外側纏繞碳纖維提升強度。經過SGS水壓測試後，目前可知最高可耐水壓150 kgf cm-2。未來會將此兩研究整合在一起形成更完整的發電系統。This study developed (1) A gas and water control system to operate 5kW Ballard 1310 fuel cell stack; (2) The application for light-weight hydrogen bottle combined carbon fiber. For stack system, fuel, air supply and cooling systems with microcontroller units (MCU) were used in a compact design to fit two 5 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks. At the initial stage, the testing facility of the system has a large volume (2.0m×2.0m×1.5m) with a longer pipeline and excessive control sensors for safe testing. After recognizing the performance and stability of stack, the system is reduced to fit in a limited space (0.4m×0.5m×0.8m). Furthermore, the stack performance and safety is studied under different hydrogen recycling modes. Then, two similar 5 kW stacks are directly coupled with diodes to obtain a higher power output and safe operation. The result shows that the efficiency of the 5 kW stack is 43.62% with a purge period of 2 min with hydrogen recycling and that the hydrogen utilization coefficient µf is 66.55%. The maximum power output of the twin-coupled module is about 9.52 kW. Next, this study focused on aluminum alloy 7075-T6 as a hydrogen bottle material with high strength. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was used as fill weld. However, the welded junction is a vulnerable area in hydrogen bottles. Therefore, this study used different types of carbon fiber winding to improve tensile strength. After SGS testing, the maximum water pressure is 150 kgf cm-2 currently. In the future, two studies will be composed together for a more complete power generation systems