Application of the Digital Image Correlation Technique to Deformation Problems and Dynamic Characteristics of Mechanical System and Civil Structure

本論文使用實驗室團隊自行研發以及撰寫程式之數位影像相關法(Digital Image Correlation, DIC)量測技術，進行跨尺度以及跨領域之實驗量測，實驗針對傳統感測器難以精密定量量測的問題作深入的探討，以驗證實驗室所開發之數位影像相關法技術的精確度與其優越性。數位影像相關法是一種影像處理技術，具有非接觸且全域式的量測技術，其優勢為進行實驗量測時儀器架設十分簡便，僅需使用一般攝影機擷取影像，並透過實驗室自行開發之數位影像相關法核心分析技術進行影像處理，藉由追蹤待測物表面特徵值來獲得試體位移場與變形場的資訊，其量測結果擁有高精確度的準確性，利用核心演算法可獲得待測物體的全域位移場u1、u2及速度場v1、v2及加速a1、a2以及應變場e11、e22與e12，可完整呈現實驗待測物的變形特性。相較於市售的數位影像相關技術套裝模組，本論文所使用的數位影像相關量測技術擁有較高的應用與提升空間，可進行跨尺度與跨領域的量測及應用。 本論文使用數位影像相關法，進行跨尺度、跨領域之精密量測，實驗包含精密對位平台及高速主軸作動時之軌跡追蹤、懸臂樑之共振模態、全場位移、速度、加速度及撓角的量測、鋼筋與混凝土材料試驗及大型土木結構試驗之量測，由於數位影像相關法高精度的量測結果，使得此技術可量測位移場，更可呈現正確的應變場，本研究將針對不同特性的實驗搭配適合的影像擷取設備，提高實驗量測結果之空間與時間解析度，以進行高精密量測應用，並與雷射位移計、FS、有限元素模擬軟體、理論解析解、NDI certus HD光學感測儀、拉線式位移計以及加速規輸出量測結果相互比較，以驗證數位影像相關法量測技術之準確性與可靠性。This thesis uses Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique developed in our laboratory to experimental measurement of deformation of solids and structures for multi-scale and interdisciplinary problems. Digital Image Correlation is a non-contact and full-field measurement technique. The advantage of Digital Image Correlation is the simplicity and convenience of experiment setup. Recording the images of the deformation object, Digital Image Correlation has ability to measure displacement, velocity, acceleration and strain fields through our self-developed image processing technique. Using high-speed camera for dynamic problem like wave propagation of cantilever beam, however the issue of material testing problem in civil engineering can be measured by using high-resolution camera. The measurement of deformation for large structures in civil engineering is an important application and is also presented in the thesis. The trajectory analysis of precision table and high-speed spindle, vibration of cantilever beam, tensile test of reinforced and compression test of concrete related to mechanical and civil engineering are investigated. The results obtained from the Digital Image Correlation are also compared with that obtained by other experimental techniques to verify its reliability and accuracy