BIM-enabled Automation of ATC-58 Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings

美國新一代ATC-58房屋結構耐震性能評估法採用業主及一般房屋使用者較關心且容易瞭解的參數，如修繕金額、修繕所需時間、死傷人數等，取代傳統評估法採用工程人員才熟悉的結構反應參數，如層間位移、樓層加速度等，作為耐震性能指標，可促進業主與工程人員之間的溝通。ATC-58評估涵蓋結構元件、非結構元件及設備，非結構元件及設備通常佔房屋總體成本的比例超過八成，然在傳統評估法中常被忽略。ATC-58為一引入機率式的評估方法，核心精神係利用機率的概念去處理評估流程中所遇到之各種參數的不確定性，並利用構件易損性評估結構之耐震性能，構件易損性標示該構件在某地震強度或結構反應下，達到某損害等級的機率。 建築資訊塑模（Building Information Modeling，BIM）係營建產業新興的概念，其優勢在於整個建築物生命週期之資訊管理及視覺化。BIM模型蘊含豐富之資訊，模型由各領域之元件所構成，各元件皆包含眾多資訊，在建築物的生命週期中，常常面臨資訊交付的問題，然BIM可整合所需資訊，提高工作效率。傳統營建業仰賴2D圖紙上的溝通，往往造成設計師、工程師及業主之間的認知差異，而BIM以3D模型視覺化方式呈現，可聚焦重點，更容易達成溝通共識。 本研究將ATC-58房屋結構耐震性能評估法導入BIM，並提出一套基於BIM之耐震評估作業流程，同時藉由Revit API開發一耐震性能評估自動化輔助程式BIMSPA（Building Information Modeling Seismic Performance Assessment），讓工程人員進行評估作業時更加自動化。BIMSPA係利用BIM模型所蘊含之豐富資訊，擷取計算耐震性能所需之資訊並自動決定構件易損性，模擬各構件的損害情況，進而計算房屋結構之耐震性能，並可在BIM模型中以視覺化方式呈現各構件的損害狀況分佈，藉此可加深業主及工程人員對於結果的掌握，並促進彼此的溝通。ATC-58評估法提供初步評估法及詳細評估法，評估類型分為A型、B型及C型，本研究僅探討初步評估法之評估流程，並以C型性能評估進行房屋耐震性能評估，耐震性能指標為修繕金額。The ATC-58 project in the United States is developing new procedures for seismic performance assessment of buildings. The performance will be expressed in terms of repair costs, repair time and casualties rather than deformations and accelerations of building components. This procedure use component fragility which identifies the damage states of a component suffered from a specific earthquake to calculate the performance of buildings. Two of the features of BIM (Building Information Modeling) are visualization and information management. A BIM model is a 3D model and consists of interdisciplinary model elements, which include a great number of information. This research presents a BIM-based procedure for seismic performance assessment of buildings and develops a program called BIMSPA (Building Information Modeling Seismic Performance Assessment) to assist the assessment procedure. The program is implemented with Revit API. BIMSPA can automatically define component fragility using the much information of BIM model elements and visualize the assessment results in BIM model