Polymer Nanocomposites as Hole Transport Layer for High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

高效率無機混參有機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池在近年來獲得相當大的注目，由於其擁有相當良好的光吸收強度及範圍，對於產生太陽能電池當中非常重要的光激子有相當大的幫助，目前短短的6年內(2009~2015)，由實驗室發表的數據來看，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效率已經從3.81%躍升至近20%，這說明鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，對於越來越需要綠色能源的地球來說，扮演著非常重要的腳色。 本篇主要的研究，是關於高效率鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的製備，在清洗乾淨的FTO基板上，旋轉塗佈上緻密的電子傳輸層(TiO2)，以高溫攝氏600度燒結6小時，接著將基板移至手套箱內，在水值<0.1 ppm的環境下，旋轉塗佈上鈣鈦礦的前驅物溶液，將基板放置在加熱板上，經由熱退火的方式，將前驅物轉換成鈣鈦礦的薄膜層，接著再旋轉塗佈上電洞傳導層(P3HT)，靜置一晚，待其薄膜層乾燥後，最後使用熱蒸鍍的方式，覆蓋金電極，如此便完成鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的製備。 而在電動傳輸層(P3HT)當中添加奈米金粒子，可利用表面電漿效應增加載子遷移率以及增加光散射進而提升主動層的吸收並且增加P3HT層之電導率，以致達到提升鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件效率的目的，經由此方法改進之效率是所有鈣鈦礦太陽能電池具有相同結構之最高紀錄。In recent years, highly power conversion efficiency perovskite solar cell has attracted many scientists’s eyes. Because of the help of good absorbtion range and intensity, the perovskite solar cell can produce more excitons than usual active layer materials. The PCE is almost reach 20% from 3.81% in a short six years. It shows the perovskite solar cell has a great potential to deal with the world’s energy problems. This research is mainly about the fabrication of perovskite solar cell, first we spin coating the electron transport material TiO2 on the cleaned FTO substrate, then, sintering the substrate at 600℃ for 6 hours to form a compact TiO2 layer. After it cools down, we spin coating the perovskite precursor on top of the compact TiO2 layer at glovebox (H2O <0.1ppm),than we spin coating the hole transport material P3HT after annealing the perovskite precursor, and last, depositing the gold by thermal evaporation. The most important achievement in this thesis is to introduce Au-NPs into the P3HT layer, to enhance the absorbtion of the perovskite layer by scattering as well as the conductivity of P3HT layer. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite based solar cells can be greatly increased. The obtained cell efficiency sets the highest record for the perovskite solar cells made with the same structure