Analytical Study of Partially-Restrained Steel Frames with Reinforced Concrete Infill Walls Subjected to Cyclic Loading

The analytical study herein focuses on the investigation of structural systems consisting of steel frames with reinforced concrete infill walls (SRCW) for using as the primary lateral-resistance systems for low-rise structures in the seismic zones. Due to need of a richer understanding about the cyclic behavior of this composite structure, the work reported in this thesis attempts to build a model in PISA3D software including partially-restrained steel frames with reinforced concrete infill walls. The lateral behavior of infill walls was predicted by the Simplified Strut-and-Tie (SST) model, and modelled by equivalent truss elements. While the pushover analysis of the equivalent truss elements was carried out by Fracture material in PISA3D, their cyclic response was performed by Degrading material. Moreover, a three-span three-story building in California was designed for seismic resistance by this composite structure. The preliminary design followed ASCE 7-10, then the seismic performance was predicted by the capacity spectrum method (CSM), a nonlinear static analysis with 3 procedures A, B and C which were adopted in ATC 40-96. The performance of SRCW frames was compared with a Self-Centering Braced Frames (SCBF), and a traditional Moment Resisting Frames (MRF) by SEAOC Vision 2000. In addition, although PISA3D software can not run the time history analysis (THA) for SRCW frames, a comparison between the THA and the CSM for the SCBF and the MRF was carried out.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENT iii LIST OF TABLE vi LIST OF FIGURES ix ABBREVIATION xiv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Literature Review 1 1.2 Objectives and Scope 2 CHAPTER 2 A MODEL OF A REINFORCED CONCRETE SQUAT WALL 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 Strength at Cracking Point 5 2.3 Strength at Ultimate Point 7 2.4 Strength at Post-Strength Point 9 2.5 Squat Wall Model 10 2.5.1 Section Properties 10 2.5.2 Material Properties 11 2.5.3 Model in PISA3D 12 2.6 Verification with Pilakoutas’s Experiment 14 2.7 Conclusion 15 CHAPTER 3 A COMPUTER MODEL OF A STEEL FRAME WITH REINFORCED CONCRETE INFILL WALLS 16 3.1 Introduction 16 3.2 Test of Tong et al. (2005) 16 3.2.1 Test Setup 17 3.2.2 Model of Beams and Columns 18 3.2.3 Capacity Curve of the Infill Wall 18 3.2.4 Equivalent Truss 23 3.2.5 Partially-Restrained Connection 23 3.3 Results and Discussion 24 3.3.1 Results 24 3.3.2 Discussion 25 CHAPTER 4 PREDICTION FOR THREE-STORY SRCW FRAMES 27 4.1 Description of Structure 27 4.2 Seismic Design Force 27 4.3 Infill Walls 30 4.4 Partially-Restrained Connection 30 4.5 Pushover Analysis 31 4.6 Cyclic Loading Analysis 32 4.7 Capacity Spectrum Method 32 4.7.1 Capacity Spectrum Curve 33 4.7.2 Demand Spectrum 34 4.7.3 Procedure A 36 4.7.4 Procedure B 36 4.7.5 Procedure C 37 4.8 Result and Discussion 39 4.8.1 Result 39 4.8.2 Discussion 40 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 42 5.1 Conclusion 42 5.2 Future Study 42 REFERENCE 44 TABLES AND FIGURES 47 APPENDIX A. Illustration of Calculating the Capacity of A Squat Wall 103 APPENDIX B. Illustration of Calculating the Capacity of An Infill Wall 11