Optimal Fiscal Policy and Endogenous Growth in Imperfectly Competitive Product Markets

本文以Barro (1990)的模型架構為基礎，引進「勞動供給內生選擇」及「中間財商品市場具有不完全競爭的特質」，建構一個強調生產性政府支出的內生成長模型。經由模型推導與數值分析，可得到以下幾點結論：(一)市場獨占力的提升將會降低經濟成長與福利水準；然而公共基礎建設占稅收的比例增加將有助於提升經濟成長與社會福利。(二) 稅率和經濟體系變數存在倒U型的關係。(三)「Barro命題」在本模型下不會成立。(四)政府政策選擇時，勞動供給內生化將扮演關鍵角色。This thesis analyzes the effects of fiscal policies in imperfectly competitive product markets with public and private capital. Most of our attention focuses on the numerical simulations of a calibrated economy. Our analysis acquires the following conclusions: (i) a higher degree of monopoly power of each intermediate goods firm will impair growth and welfare, while the government’s expenditure ratio for public capital increase will have a positive impact; (ii) there is an invert-U shaped relationship between the income tax rate and the economic system; (iii) Barro proposition is not tenable; (iv) endogenous labor supply is a critical parameter to affect the choice of the income tax rate