Three-dimensional motion analysis of the suspension system

本研究對懸吊機構以三度空間之各項懸吊參數變化進行運動分析，首先分別建構四分之一車車輛前進和二分之一車車輛轉彎懸吊系統之三度空間數學模型，利用懸吊導數法分析車身與輪胎的相對速度關係，再利用桿長不變原理分析懸吊系統接點幾何變動的運動情形，並以懸吊導數法找尋輪胎瞬時中心。接著，以電腦輔助模擬分析懸吊特性參數，觀察輪胎外傾角、前束角和輪胎瞬時中心的變化情形並予以驗證數學模式。最後，將懸吊桿件接點位置改變，討論桿件接點和不同桿件長度對懸吊特性參數的影響，本研究從三度空間之完整數學模式，探討懸吊機構之運動，分析之結果可作為車輛修正懸吊機構設計參數的依據，或利用此方法設計新的懸吊機構。This study establishes the kinematic analysis of three-dimensional suspension mechanisms including quarter-car for vehicle straight running and half-car for vehicle during cornering.Kinematic analysis of the body-wheel movements yields the functional realationships. Analysis of suspension geometry changes in rigid suspension rod. Looking for wheel instantaneous center by using suspension derivative method.then, the equations of the system are established and used to observe the suspension kinematic characteristics. Finally, in different linkage contact and the length of linkage, simulate with suspension derivative method and observe the difference suspension kinematic characteristics.The design parameters of vehicle suspensions can be modified according to results of the analysis.Design the new suspension mechanism by results of analysis.摘要 .................................................................................................................. ibstract ...........................................................................................................ii錄 ............................................................................................................... iii目錄 ............................................................................................................ vi目錄 ...........................................................................................................xii一章 緒論 ................................................................................................... 1.1 前言 ........................................................................................ 1.2 文獻回顧 ................................................................................ 2.3 研究動機與目的 ................................................................... 2.4 論文架構 ................................................................................ 3二章 理論基礎 ........................................................................................... 4.1 車輛座標系統之定義 ........................................................ 4.2 輪胎座標系統之定義 ........................................................... 5.2.1 外傾角的定義與功用 .................................................. 6.2.2 前束角的定義與功用 .................................................. 7.3 車輛側傾中心之定義 ........................................................... 8.4 前視圖擺動臂之定義 ........................................................... 9.5 獨立懸吊系統運動之型態 ................................................. 10.6 懸吊導數法(Suspension Derivative Method) ..................... 12.7 懸吊導數法找輪胎瞬時旋轉中心 ..................................... 17三章 空間懸吊機構數學模型建立 ........................................................ 22.1 雙A臂式懸吊系統 ............................................................. 23.1.1 雙A臂式懸吊系統四分之一車數學模型 ............. 23.1.2 雙A臂式懸吊系統二分之一車數學模型 ............. 34.2 麥花臣式懸吊系統 ............................................................. 50.2.1 麥花臣式懸吊系統四分之一車數學模型 .............. 51.2.2 麥花式懸吊系統二分之一車數學模型 .................. 53.3 多連桿式懸吊系統 ............................................................. 55.3.1 多連桿式懸吊系統四分之一車數學模型 .............. 55.3.2 多連桿式懸吊系統二分之一車數學模型 .............. 56四章 空間懸吊系統運動分析與模擬 .................................................... 57.1 四分之一車懸吊系統分析與模擬 ..................................... 57.1.1 雙A臂式懸吊系統.................................................. 59.1.2 麥花臣式懸吊系統 .................................................. 64.1.3 多連桿式懸吊系統 .................................................. 68.2 二分之一車懸吊系統分析與模擬 ..................................... 72.2.1 雙A臂式懸吊系統.................................................. 74.2.2 麥花臣式懸吊系統 .................................................. 78.2.3 多連桿式懸吊系統 .................................................. 81.3 小結 ........................................................................................ 85五章 桿件接點與長度變化模擬 ............................................................ 87.1 雙A臂上下A臂改變桿件接點的比較和分析 ................. 89.1.1下A臂式多連桿懸吊系統 ........................................ 90.1.2上A臂式多連桿懸吊系統 ........................................ 97.2 麥花臣下A臂改變桿件接點比較和分析 ........................ 105.3 討論 ...................................................................................... 128六章 結論與建議 ................................................................................... 131.1 結論 ...................................................................................... 131.2未來展望 ............................................................................... 132考文獻 ..................................................................................................... 133錄A ......................................................................................................... 135錄B ......................................................................................................... 14