On Indicators for Planning Rural Development

U istraživanjima (usporednih) promjena u selu i gradu najčešće se koriste polarni tipovi seoske nasuprot urbaniziranoj zajednici. Pri tom se pojmom »seoske zajednice« označuje onaj društveni pod/ /sustav u kome su osnovni društveni procesi i odnosi obilježeni osobenostima tzv. seljačkog načina života. Postojeće su definicije seoske zajednice nedovoljno precizne, jer se zasnivaju na grupnim obilježjima koja proizlaze iz različitog mjesta stanovanja, dok su individualna obilježja (posebice sociopsihologijska i kulturna) zanemarena. Autorica iznosi nekoliko primjera operacionalizacije indikatora ruralnosti i agrarnosti iz strane i domaće znanstvene literature. Otuda zaključuje da se empirijskim istraživanjima seoskih područja, a posebice samih naselja, prenaglašava prostornost na račun društvenosti. A seosko područje, kao ni gradsko, nije tek statistički ili pravni skup činjenica i aktivnosti. Ono je prije svega skup društvenih odnosa čija se ruralnost može utvrditi tek dovođenjem u vezu strukturalnih s globalnim elementima kroz koje se ovi fenotipovi organiziraju.In research (parallel) into changes in the village and the town, polarized types of rural as opposed to urbanised settlements are usually used. The term »rural community « means a social sub/system, in which basic social processes and relations are marked by characteristics of the so-called rural-way-of-life. Existing definitions of the rural community are not sufficiently precise, because they are based on group characteristics that stem from a different place of residence, whereas individual characteristics (especially socio-psychological and cultural ones) are neglected. The authoress gives some examples of the operationalization of indicators showing the rural and agrarian character, taken from foreign and Yugoslav sociological literature. From this she concludes that empirical research into rural regions, and especially into the settlements themselves, overstress as area over society. And the rural region, like the urban, is not merely a statistical or legal group of facts and activities. It is primarily a group of social relations, whose rural character can only be established if structural elements are linked with the global elements through which these pheno-types are organized