Fabrication and Characterization of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

我們以商用二氧化鈦奈米顆粒(P25, Degussa)及漿料(Nanoxide D, Solaronix)製作中孔隙(mesoporous)的二氧化鈦電極，以研製染料敏化太陽能電池(dye sensitized solar cells, DSSC)。藉由改變二氧化鈦電極厚度、四氯化鈦處理、4-tert-butylpyridine (4-TBP)處理、燒結溫度、緻密層(compact layer)厚度、染料、電解質溶劑及白金電極厚度，經掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X光繞射儀(XRD)、觸針式表面形態分析(surface Profiling)、電流電壓特性(current-voltage characteristics)、頻譜響應(spectrum response)、阻抗頻譜分析(impedance spectroscopy)等分析，以了解上述不同變因對於DSSC之影響，並提升DSSC的光電轉換效率。以Nanoxide D為基礎的DSSC，在100 mW/cm2(AM 1.5)的模擬太陽光源下，最高效率可達6.49%，開路電壓(open circuit voltage)為0.68 V，短路電流密度(short circuit current density)可達16.26 mA/cm2，填充因子(fill factor)為0.59。以P25為基礎的DSSC，在100 mW/cm2(AM 1.5)的模擬太陽光源下，最高效率可達5.23%，開路電壓(open circuit voltage)為0.66 V，短路電流密度(short circuit current density)可達13.76 mA/cm2，填充因子(fill factor)為0.58。We used water-based solutions of commercial nanocrystalline titanium oxide (P25) powder and gel (Nanoxide D) to prepare a mesoporous photoelectrodes for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). By varying the thicknesses of the titanium oxide electrodes and the compact layer, the condition of the TiCl4 and 4-tert-butylpyridine (4-TBP) treatments, the annealing temperature, the species of the dye, the solvent of the electrolyte, and the thickness of the platinum counter electrodes, we analyzed the influences of the variant conditions on DSSC performances. Characterizations were performed with SEM, XRD, surface profiling, current-voltage characteristics, spectrum response and impedance spectroscopy. The best light-to-electric-energy conversion efficiencies of solar cells based on Nanoxide D is 6.49% (Voc=0.68 V, Jsc=16.26 mA/cm2, fill factor=0.59) at 1 sun illumination (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2) and 5.23% (Voc=0.66 V, Jsc=13.76 mA/cm2, fill factor=0.58) at 1 sun illumination (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2) for solar cells based on P25.口試委員會審定書……………………………………………………………..… i 目錄…………………………………………………………………………….… ii 誌謝…………………………………………………………………………….… iii 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………….… iv 英文摘要………………………………………………………………………… v 第一章 序論 1.1前言…………………………………..………………………………… 1 1.2 太陽能電池回顧、現況與應用…..…………………………………... 2 1.3 染料敏化鈦陽能電池之介紹……..…………………………………... 4 第二章 實驗方法 2.1染料敏化太陽能電池之製作方法…………………………………….. 8 2.2量測方法……………………………………………………………….. 10 第三章 結果與討論 3.1 二氧化鈦電極之分析…………………….…………………………….. 17 3.2 染料之分析……………………………………………........................... 22 3.3電解液之分析……………………………………………………. …….. 23 3.4白金電極之分析……………………………………………………….... 25 第四章 結論……………………………………………………………………… 50 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………….. 5