Lightweight Distributed Topology Control Algorithms for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

有效利用能源仍然是無線感測網路中一個重要的議題。如何維持網路的連接性，同時並使能源的消耗達到最小，這是一個非常具有挑戰性的問題。不同於過去已提出的研究，本論文將探討拓撲控制在異質型無線感測網路的問題。我們的目的是提出一個分散式拓撲控制演算法，所有的節點( nodes )只需要保存當地的資訊。本論文也證明所產生拓撲的分支度不會超過一個特定的常數。而且我們也提出一個以位置為基礎繞送訊息的演算法。經由實驗的結果顯示，我們提出的方法優於其他方法。Energy efficiency remains a critical design issue for wireless sensor networks. How to maintain the network connectivity and, at the same time, to minimize the energy consumption is a very challenging problem. Different from many previous excellent results, we explore the topology control problem for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Our objective is to propose distributed topology control algorithms, where only local information is kept for all of the nodes. We show that there is a degree bound on any resulting topology. A location-based routing algorithm is also present in this paper. The experimental results show the strengths of the proposed algorithms in the average edge length and the average link length.Acknowledgments i Abstract ii List of Figures v List of Tables vii List of Algorithms viii 1 Introduction 1 2 Network Model and Problem Definition 4 3 Lightweight Distributed Topology Control Algorithms 7 3.1 Topology Construction Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1.1 Beacon Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1.2 Adjustment Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1.3 Remark on an Anomaly of Sparse WSNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.2 Routing Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.3 Reconfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.4 A Topology Control Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4 Properties 20 5 Experimental Results 23 5.1 Setup and Workload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.2 Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6 Conclusion 30 Bibliography 3