Development of the Field Server for the monitoring of bio-environment

本研究結合可程式控制與網路介面卡(Programmable Interface Controller and Network Interface Card, PICNIC) 、感測器、無線AP (Access Point)與IP攝影機建構環境伺服器 (Field Server, FS)，亦建立兩套應用系統示範FS的多方面用途。 FS的建構包含硬體與軟體，硬體包括前端感測與後端負載控制，前端感測使用土壤含水率感測器、溫溼度感測器、水位開關與IP攝影機等，後端負載則透過繼電器驅動包括燈管，警報器，風扇、馬達、造霧機等設備。控制動作允許手動或透過軟體介面依預定的策略執行。軟體開發以VB.NET (Microsoft, USA)為平台，允許針對每一組環境伺服器進行資料讀取、資料儲存，並且可以針對伺服器中的不同的控制功能進行即時控制。 建立的兩套應用示範系統包括具備遠端監視與控制功能的植物觀賞平台與植物栽培環控箱燈具之遠端與近端雙向控制系統。此二應用系統初步展示了環境伺服器在網路無遠弗屆的加持下，可以做到的真正遠端監控。目前示範的FS雖然以生物環境的監控為主，相信在工商業等應用也都可找到許多應用空間。Field server (FS), consists of PICNIC (Programmable Interface Controller and Network Interface Card), sensors, wireless AP (Access Point) and IP camera, was developed. Two applications systems were introduced to demonstrate the capabilities of FS. System of FS consists of hardware and software. Sensors such as soil moisture sensor, temperature and humidity sensors, water level sensor and IP camera and actuators such as relay and solid state relay were used to control the active/enactive of lamps, alarm, fans, motors and foggers, etc. manually or automatically based on predefined controlled algorithm. Related software was developed based on VB.Net platform and data measured of all sensors can be stored into a database and retrieved afterward. Two application systems were developed including exhibition stand for ornamental pot plants with Internet wise remote monitoring and control functions and controlled environmental growth chamber with Internet wise remote and local control capabilities on lamps. Thanks to the advanced of IT technologies, both systems introduced make the term ‘remote control’ with new meanings. Although, both examples demoed were focusing on Bio-industrial applications, we are quite sure that such system can find vast applications in many other fields.摘要 i ABSTRACT ii 誌謝 iii 目錄 iv 表目錄 vii 圖目錄 viii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1前言 1 1.2研究目的 2 第二章 文獻探討 3 2.1環境伺服器系統 3 2.2無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Network) 7 2.3網路架構 11 2.4無線區域網路 15 2.4.1 802.11b 17 2.4.2 802.11a 18 2.4.3 802.11g 18 2.4.4 802.15 20 2.5感測器 21 2.5.1 AD590感溫IC 23 2.5.2 PT-100 28 2.5.3 含水率感測器 31 2.5.4 水位感測器 32 第三章 材料與方法 33 3.1系統架構 33 3.1.1硬體設計一 34 3.1.2硬體設計二 36 3.2 感測器元件 40 3.2.1土壤含水率感測器 40 3.2.2溫度感測器 43 3.2.3水位開關 47 3.3 PICNIC 50 3.4無線AP與IP 攝影機 60 3.5電源系統之整合 64 3.6負載與繼電器 68 3.7第三代系統 70 第四章 結果與討論 83 4.1系統說明 83 4.1.1 近端使用方式 83 4.1.2 遠端使用方式 84 4.2硬體線路配置 86 4.3軟體規劃與界面說明 88 第五章 結論與建議 91 參考文獻 94 附錄一 PICNIC 原廠提供之使用說明 9