The Application of GIS to Loading Potential in Emergency Response for Chemical Accidents

本研究的目的為結合層級分析法與地 理資訊系統，利用其對於決策分析、資訊 管理、圖形展示的功能建立一套化學災害 應變能力指標，可做為評估救災資源各項 設施負荷潛勢之依據，協助環保及事業單 位做為平時擬訂化學災害緊急應變方案之 決策參考。本研究內容係以層級分析法建 構化災應變能力指標之層級架構，並計算 出各工廠之化災應變能力指標 （ Emergency Response Index for the Chemical Accidents，簡稱ERI），並將之 分為A、B、C、D 四個等級，分別顯示 不同程度之應變能力，並應用地理資訊系 統建立一套化學災害應變資料庫，配合網 路分析及基本空間分析功能，評估救援資 源之負荷潛勢，並規劃最佳的救災路徑， 使救災資源以最短的時間到達災變現場， 以最有效率的方式運送傷患，並配合化災 應變能力指標找出工業區化災應變能力不 佳的原因，以做為研擬改善方案的參考。The purpose of this study is to build up an Emergency Response Index System for the Chemical Accidents（ERI）. It integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information System, applying their functions of policy analysis, data management as well as graphic display. The index system can be applied to evaluate the loading potential of rescue resources, and provide some information for emergency planning. The study set up a hierarchy structure of the index system with the Analytic Hierarchy Process, then rated the ability of emergency response for each factory and divided into 4 grades. In order to find the best route for saving, the study applied the network and spatial analysis to evaluate the loading potential of rescue resources. With the index system, we will find out not only the factories which are lacking in chemical emergency response, but also the reasons which cause low ratings