全球變遷：福山森林生態系研究─哺乳動物與植物之互動關係-台灣獼猴(三)

自1996年12月至2000年7月，每月至 實驗地觀察台灣獼猴行為1~3次，一次 3~5天，追蹤記錄A1與A2猴群出現時間、 地點、及行進路線至猴群消失為止，並分 析猴群移動速率、移動距離與活動範圍， 配合植物物候之調查，以分析台灣獼猴游 走範圍與方式之變化和植物物候之關係。 1997 年A1 群活動範圍的的面積為 83.75~97.25 公頃，但猴群的活動區域與 活動面積會隨季節而改變，以春夏季的活 動範圍較大，秋冬季的活動範圍較小。猴 群在不同季節的移動速率亦有不同，A1 群冬季移動的速率，而其他季節中平均每 小時移動距離差異不大。A2 群的活動速 率除夏季外，均較 A1 群為快。 1998年3月到1999年2月，A1群的活 動範圍為71.25公頃，A2群的活動範圍為 96.75公頃。同樣地，A1群的活動範圍在 春天最大，冬天最小；A2群的活動範圍 在夏天最大，冬天最小。兩群在果實取食 比例低的2月時平均移動速率最慢，10月 果實取食比例最高時平均移動速率最快。 A1 群整年的平均移動速率為130.2 公尺/小時，顯著較A2 群的172.8 公尺/小 時慢。A1 群與A2 群全年平均一日移動 距離分別是1355.1 公尺和1689.6 公尺， 平均一日活動時間分別是10.9 小時和 10.3 小時。Between December 1996 and July 2000, we visited Fushan Experimental Forest 1~3 times a month and stayed for 3~5 days each time to follow and record the location and movement of A1 and A2 troops of Formosan macaques. We analyzed the speed, distance and range of their movement and their relationships with local plant phenology. The annual home range sizes of A1 were 83.75~97.25 ha. However, home range size was smaller in fall and winter, larger in spring and summer. The speed of travel also varied in different seasons. A1 moved slower in winter, and A2 moved faster than A1 in all seasons except in summer. Between March 1998 and February 1999, home range size of A1 and A2 was 71.25 and 96.75 ha, respectively. Home range size of A1 was the smallest in winter and largest in spring, whereas home range size of A2 was the smallest in winter and largest in summer. Speed of travel in both troops was the slowest in February when the percentage of fruit in the diet was the lowest, and fastest in October when the percentage of fruit in the diet was the highest. Average speed of travel in a day was 130.2 m/hr for A1, which was significantly slower than that for A2 (172.8 m/hr). Mean distance and time period of travel in a day was 1355.1 m and 10.9 hr for A1, and 1689.6 m and 10.3 hr for A2