柯氏心理衛生程式之修改與驗證:以強迫型與反社會型者為例

本研究以柯氏心理衛生程式為主要架構探討：(1)若以生活壓力，過去心理缺陷，正常思考習慣，強迫思考習慣，反社會思 考習慣，社會支援等社會心理資料為獨變項，而以個人的強迫症狀以及反社會行為症狀為依變項時，每一個獨變項和每一個 依變項形成的相關情形如何，以及前述六個獨變項組和每一個依變項所構成的逐步回歸複相關係數分別有多高;(2)使用逐步 回歸分析方法時，那一種獨變項組型與那一種依變項的複相關最高，以及(3)強迫思考分數對於強迫症狀之解釋力遠大於反社會思考習慣對於它的解釋力，而反社會思考習慣對於反社會性格違常傾向的解釋力遠大於強迫思考習慣對於它的解釋力。 逐步回歸分析結果顯示：(1)三個獨立變項粗分合在一起，包含過去強迫型障礙病史，強迫思考習慣，以及正常思考習慣在內的三個獨變項粗分，能解釋強迫症狀的百分之四十八變異量( R=.695)，和(2)二個獨立變項粗分合在一起，包含反社會思考 習慣和生活壓力在內的兩個獨變項粗分，能解釋反社會性格違常傾向變異量的百分之三十八( R=.612)。假如，以獨立變項因素 分數進行逐步回歸分析則發現：(1)十三個獨變項因素分數合在一起可解釋強迫症狀的約百分之六十點五( R=.78)的變異量，以及(2)十四個獨變項因素分數合在一起可解釋反社會性格傾向症狀的百分之四十六點九( R=.68)的變異量。 所得結果可予以如下兩方面解釋：(1)柯氏心理衛生程式仍適用於統整得自強迫念行症狀以及反社會性格違常傾向研究的資料;(2)相比之下，本研究所使用的獨變項對於了解與預測強迫念行症狀的適合度遠高於了解與預測反社會性格違常傾向。This study examined the relationships between Obsessive-Compulsive thinking habits and Obsessive-Compulsive symptoms, and between antisocial thinking habits and the antisocial personality disorder. Senior high school students, including males and females, were asked to answer eight scales, including among them three kinds of thinking habits. The method of stepwise multiple correlation analysis was utilized to 2 find out which set of independent variables is most able to account for the variance of the two dependent variables respectively. The results revealed that : (1) if three independent variables, including the experience of suffering from Obsessive- Compulsive disorder; the strength of Obsessive-Compulsive thinking habits, and of normal thinking habits are combined together to form a set, the set is able to account for about 48.3% ( R=.695) of the total variance of the Obsessive-Compulsive score, and (2)if two independent variables combined together, including the life pressure score and the antisocial thinking habits score, are combined together to form a set, then the set is able to account for around 37.5% of the variance of the antisocial personality disorder score. If factor scores instead of raw ones of independent variables are utilized in the stepwise multiple regression analysis, different results were obtained which revealed that : (1)13 independent factor scores could be recruited and they, as a set, are able to account for about 60.5% ( R=.78) of the Obsessive- Compulsive score variance, and (2)14 independent factor scores could be recruited and they, as a set , are able to account for about 46.9% ( R=.68) of the Antisocial Personality Disorder score. The results are interpreted as the followings : (1)the Ko’s mental health formula is also valid for organizing information obtained in studies of the Obsessive-Compulsive anxiety disorder and of Antisocial Personality disorder, (2)the independent scores utilized in the present study are more suitable for understanding the nature of the Obsessive-Compulsive disorder than for the nature of the Antisocial Personality disorder