The role of a family in healthy eating habits by preschool children

V diplomskem delu z naslovom Vloga družine za zdravo prehranjevanje predšolskega otroka smo v teoretičnem delu predstavili zdravo prehrano predšolskega otroka. Zajeli smo zdrave in nezdrave prehranjevalne navade predšolskih otrok ter se osredotočili na vlogo družine pri zdravem prehranjevanju predšolskega otroka. Vključili smo tudi vlogo vrtca, saj ocenjujemo, da družina in vrtec korakata z roko v roki pri navajanju predšolskih otrok na zdravo prehranjevanje. Ob koncu smo zajeli še težave, ki se najpogosteje pojavljajo pri prehranjevanju predšolskega otroka. V empiričnem delu smo predstavili rezultate izvedene raziskave, katere namen je bil ugotoviti, kakšne so prehranjevalne navade družin s predšolskimi otroki, kako družina vpliva na zdravo prehranjevanje in prehranjevalne navade predšolskega otroka ter kakšna je vloga vrtca pri tem. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 200 staršev predšolskih otrok iz različnih vrtcev v Prekmurju. Na podlagi pridobljenih rezultatov smo ugotovili, da imajo družine s predšolskimi otroki zdrave prehranjevalne navade, družina in vrtec pa v veliki meri pozitivno vplivata na prehranjevanje predšolskega otroka. Pozitivne ugotovitve so, da starši poskrbijo za vsakodnevno zaužit zajtrk predšolskega otroka, družine dnevno zaužijejo tri do pet obrokov. Starši predšolske otroke vključujejo v pripravo obrokov in pogrinjkov, veliko družin s predšolskimi otroki obroke pripravlja doma, več kot polovica staršev pa otroke omejuje pri uživanju prevelikih količin sladkorja in maščob. Rezultati kažejo tudi, da otroci skoraj ne pijejo gaziranih pijač. Več kot polovica družin s predšolskim otrokom hrano prideluje doma, če hrano kupijo pa preverjajo poreklo in sestavine izdelka. Starši prehrano v vrtcu ocenjujejo kot povsem primerno za predšolskega otroka. Nekaj negativnih rezultatov kaže, da predšolski otroci izmed vseh obrokov največkrat izpuščajo dopoldansko malicoin da večina staršev predšolske otroke nagrajuje s sladkarijami ter sladoledom. Včasih se družine s predšolskim otrokom prehranjujejo s hitro pripravljenimi obroki, občasno pa obiskujejo restavracije s hitro pripravljeno hrano. Starši predšolskih otrok navajajo alergije na določeno hrano, pogoste prebavne motnje in prekomerno telesno težo kot najpogostejše težave s prehranjevanjem.In the diploma work entitled The role of a family in healthy eating habits by preschool children, we presented in the theoretical part the healthy diet of a preschool child. We embraced the healthy and unhealthy eating habits of preschool children and focused on the role of the family for the healthy eating of preschool children. We also included the role of the kindergarten for healthy eating habits of preschool children, as we estimate the family and kindergarten are marching hand in hand in developing healthy eating habits for preschool children. At the end, we also encountered the problems that most often occur in eating habits by preschool children. In the empirical part, we presented the results of a research carried out to determine the eating habits of families with preschool children, how the family influences healthy eating habits and the eating habits of a preschool child, and what role the kindergarten plays in this. The study included 200 parents of preschool children from different kindergartens in Prekmurje. On the basis of the gained results, we have found out that families with preschool children have healthy eating habits, and that the family and kindergarten have a positive effect on the preschool child eating habits. Positive findings are that parents provide daily breakfast for a preschool child and that the family consumes three to five meals a day. Parents of preschool children include their children in the preparation of meals, many families with preschool children prepare meals at home, more than half of parents always limit their children by using excessive amounts of sugar and fat, and the results also show that children almost do not drink carbonated drinks. More than half of the families with preschool children grow food at home, and if they buy food, they check the origin and ingredients of the product. Parents assess nutrition in kindergarten as suitable for a preschool child. Some negative results show that preschool children are most likely to miss the morning snackmost of the parents of preschool children reward their children with sweets and ice cream. Sometimes, families with a preschool child eat fast-food meals and occasionally they visit fast-food restaurants. Parents of preschool children refer to some food allergies, frequent gastrointestinal disorders and overweight as the most common nutritional problems