Non-compliance with gluten free diet in adolescents with celiac disease

Teoretična izhodišča: Celiakija je imunsko pogojena sistemska bolezen, ki jo povzročajo gluten in sorodni prolamini pri genetsko občutljivih posameznikih in je karakterizirana s prisotnostjo raznolikih kombinacij od glutena odvisnih manifestacij, specifičnih protiteles značilnih za celiakijo, HLA-DQ2 ali HLA-DQ8 in enteropatijo. Stroga izključitev glutena za vse življenje, tako imenovana brezglutenska dieta predstavlja edino varno in učinkovito zdravljenje. Čeprav je to zdravljenje zelo uspešno predstavlja težave pacientom v družinskem, socialnem in delovnem kontekstu, kar posledično poslabša njihovo kakovost življenja. Namen: Namen zaključnega dela je raziskati neupoštevanje brezglutenske diete pri mladostnikih s celiakijo. Raziskovalne metode: V zaključnem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno metodologijo dela, ki je povezana s filozofijo pozitivizma. Podatke smo dobili na osnovi anketnega vprašalnika. S pregledom in povzemanjem literature smo pripravili 21 vprašanj zaprtega tipa, ki se nanašajo na kršenje brezglutenske diete pri celiakiji. Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da večina mladostnikov ne krši brezglutenske diete. Mladostniki, ki pa grešijo pri brezglutenski dieti, pa večinoma grešijo zaradi tega, ker nimajo težav kadar uživajo prehrano, ki vsebuje gluten ter zato, ker je prehrana z glutenom boljšega okusa. Težave, ki se pojavljajo pri mladostnikih, ki ne upoštevajo brezglutenske diete, so bolečine v trebuhu, napet trebuh, driska, bruhanje, prebavne težave, slabost, omotičnost, glavobol, utrujenost in srbečica. Diskusija in zaključek: Iz rezultatov sklepamo, da veliko mladostnikov krši pri brezglutenski dieti, ker nimajo težav, kadar ne upoštevajo brezglutenske diete ter zato, ker je prehrana z glutenom boljšega okusa.Theoretical basis: Celiac disease is a systematic disease of the immune system, caused by gluten and similar prolamines in genetically challenged individuals and is characterized by presence of gluten-dependent manifestations in various combinations of specific celiac antibodies, HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 and enteropathy. A strict lifelong gluten - free diet is the only safe and efficient treatment. Although this type of treatment has proven to be very effective, it still causes a lot of concern in patient’s family, social and work environment and may consequently diminish life quality. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to research the disregard of a gluten free diet with adolescents diagnosed with celiac disease. Research methods: In the final part of the paper, a quantitative work methodology was applied, in connection to the philosophy of positivism. The data was acquired by means of questionnaire. By studying and summarizing the literature, 20 closed-type questions were prepared, targeted at disregarding a gluten free diet in celiac patients. Results: The research has shown that most adolescents do not disregard their diet. For those who do, it is simply a matter of better tasting gluten-containing food. Problems occurring, when disregarding a gluten free diet, in adolescents, are abdominal pain, a tense abdomen, diarrhea, vomiting, digestive problems, nausea, vertigo, headache, fatigue and itchiness. Discussion and conclusion: As indicated by the results, most adolescents disregard their gluten-free diet, because they have no significant medical issues after or because they prefer gluten-containing food, simply because it tastes better