Income growth is much more volatile in developing countries than in developed ones. One argument is that weak legal and political institutions exacerbate macroeconomic shocks precipitating the economy into widespread crises. The first chapter of my thesis focuses on sovereign debt crises and discusses how government default in bad times can trigger a liquidity crisis within the economy even in absence of classic foreign penalties. The second chapter takes a complementary perspective and emphasizes the role of sectoral specialization as a source of the higher volatility of emerging markets, much in line with recent empirical evidence. En las ultimas décadas el crecimiento de la renta en los países en desarrollo ha sido mucho más volátil que ...