This paper deals with the urban renewal processes focused on old neighborhoods in the French context of the “Politique de la Ville”, a set of policies intended to reduce social divides and inequalities. It makes the assumption that the urban renewal processes in old neighborhoods are generally related to gentrification policies. In this context, it tests the extent to which the urban renewal processes, framed by the “Politique de la Ville”, cope with gentrification. In a functionalist point of view, the paper analyses the instruments set up by local authorities in this sector, from a corpus of documents reflecting ten years of public action. Based on three cases studies, it shows the key elements of the gentrification dimension of the urban...