Economical and social / ecological evaluation of biogas system farmhouse In Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China

1. Objective In late years, with economic growth of China, energy demands degree of the Chinese farm village area increases. On the other hand, a supply of the ene rg-y is short. The energy problem of the Chinese farm village area has an influence inside and outside China, and solution will be one of the necessary big problems in future. In such situation, in late years renewable energy becoming the topic is eco-friendly, and, a study and development advance from a merit to be able to produce energy. However, it is in an extremely severe state at this stage to take management profit, an problem to have low efficiency, and cost is high at this stage. The methane use technology has a long history than the use of other renewable energy, and the technique matures, too. The development process of the Chinese biogas system unfolds from three aspects, demand type of the energy, demand type of the habits, construction of the eco-home. The 21st century in particular begins, and the Chinese central government increases investment in biogas energy development year by year. In addition, the local government supports the introduction of the biogas plant of the farmhouse positively, too, and the biogas use in the farm village unfolds rapidly. Particularly, China has high diffusion rate of the individual model biogas plant. By the project to solve an energy problem of the Chinese farm village area by using a biogas plant, expectation is put to solving the energy problem of farm village area particularly the dairy farming area. In addition, the Chinese central government adds a concept of "the hygiene" to character of "the killing two birds with one stone" which means "the solution of environment and the energy problem" that a biogas system originally has and is going to open it in the character of "the killing three birds with one stone" which means "environment, energy, the hygiene". However, it is thought that there are many stopping facilities without being able to perform the continuous use even if the biogas use facilities of China build it. In addition, there is much unitary use of the degree that the biogas uses for the fuel of the kitchen of the farmhouse, and a policy to support the continuous and effective use of the biogas seems insufficiently. From such recognition, this article makes the actual situation of the biogas use of the farmhouse in China, Inner Mongolia clear and analyzes a merit and a demerit by the problem that occurred in a process of the biogas use promotion and the biogas use. Furthermore, compare and analyze the situation of the non-use farmhouse with the use farmhouse of the biogas plant, by economical and social and habits.It is in this way intended to consider an effect of the use of the biogas system. 2. Methods The Chinese biogas system is divided into large, middle, small size and individual model by the contents of quantity of outbreak and facilities of the biogas. It classify the size of the biogas with amount of production per day. When express it using V; biogas system large-scale V ≧ 300 m^3, 300＞V ≧ 50 m^3 is medium size bio gas system, 50＞V ≧ 20 m^3 is a small biogas system. In addition individual model biogas system the size of the capacity of the methane fermenter of three kinds there is, 6 m^3, 8 m^3, 10 m^3. ④From recognition that an individual model biogas system of the above is more likely to take root in the Chinese farm village in this article, and there are many numbers size of the fermenter of 8 m^3 - 10 m^3 individually for model biogas systems about the biogas system introduction economical, and social; and try the evaluation of the habits. Specifically, I clarify the use, study terminus ad quem of the biogas of the developed country, EU and Japan. Then, I make measures of the farmhouse for each problem of China, Inner Mongolia and the government clear, that are the progress degree of the research and development situation about biogas facilities and the use, the present conditions and problem of the biogas use of the farm village part, problem to occur by the biogas use promotion of the farm village part. It perform analysis and evaluate, with economic, sociological, ecological, the biogas plant use of the farmhouse from these measures. 3. Results It understood that economic effect was the following things from the analysis method mentioned above. The farmhouse was effective in controlling energy purchase costs of the family budget by the biogas use mainly and was able to save time to prepare meals. In addition, in the farmhouse which I investigated, I confirmed that I connected it with improvement of the farmhouse income by casting an expense into farming with the time that I was able to save. I clarified the economic effect except the family labor side. The habits agriculture with the biogas system brings an improvement effect of the soil by spending digested slurry and the residual substance thing which are a by-product of the biogas production as liquid fertilizer and solid manure. The cost that agricultural production reduce manure purchase costs becomes able to be in this way reduced. In addition, soil improvement effect was higher than injection only for conventional purchase manure, and, as a result, there was an effect for the quality improvement of farm products, and the increase of the farmhouse income was confirmed. From the said article, the use of the biogas includes improvement of the farmhouse work force structure and reduction of the agricultural production cost, an improvement effect of the farmhouse income through the farm products quality improvement. Generally, in the Chinese farm village, the occurring feces and urine is resolved by farmland, but appropriate processing is not performed. This becomes the environmental polluter and becomes the main cause that it is the epidemic in the farm village-prone. On the other hand, as for the firewood used as fuel of the farmhouses, the straw of thinning materials and farm products is used mainly. However, the outflow to a water system of air pollution and the ash with generated smoke happened and was connected by the combustion of the straw in ecocide. The biogas use of the farmhouse of the firewood use is substituted. It can expect that for prevention of a water system and the soil pollution, improvement of the air pollution, reduces quantity of felling of firewood. Furthermore, because a farming family uses biogas, it improve house environment and change the living environment of the farm village and improve the warm facilities and hygiene environment of the house. Cooking using the biogas saves time and secures cleanliness. In addition, introduction of the biogas system is introduction of an advanced biogas fermentation technology and the technique concerned. In other words, it develops waste into resources and transfer traditional area agriculture to habits agriculture and promotes farm products processing business.In addition, rural health environment -- improving -- the folk-customs resources of a spot, and humanities -- connect to a scene and develop the local ecology agricultural tourist industry advantageously. The introduction model of the biogas system in the farmhouse of Inner Mongolia is aimed for realization of effective biogas production using feces and urine while being based on a natural condition of Inner Mongolia, agricultural production structure and the social situation. However, the government is letting develop it to let the use diversify to the direction that gradually conjugates biogas as fuel of the generators from the use of the direct kitchen for the purpose of promoting the general use of the biogas plant mainly. It is considered that the biogas introduction support policy advanced in China as a proposal of this research should shift to the supporting price policy over the goods produced like the EU countries in a biogas plant. And make a variety of investment in biogas rule, and it will be important in future to change the enthusiasm of a stakeholder and the user. In addition, about the use method in the farm village of a biogas system and the biogas, It place the use as the home fuel of the farmhouse or the concentrated use in the milk station in the Dairy Belt enough as having looked until now. In other words because it varies according to a local condition, the introduction of a correct biogas system is necessary for each local real condition, and it is thought that this will give the effect of this system more from the natural social industrial point of view of the farm village in Inner Mongolia. In addition, the spread of joint use type biogas systems is thought about in the farm village where a farming family concentrates on and the city neighboring farm village, but it is thought that it is delicious and does not function if I do not make an effect by the increase of the selling of power price or the utilization of the digestive juice clear like EU countries. Because an economical effect and support system are not maintained as for this system enough in real China, the excellent development example is uncommon. Thus, positioning, the support of the biogas system by a country, the local government is considerably required for this promotion, and it is necessary to push it forward carefully.酪農学園大