多両性花性に有する \u27すいか中間母本農1号\u27 の育成とその特性

A watermelon line with a high hermaphroditic flower-bearing trait was developed at the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, and was registered as \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 in 2008. \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 was selected from the crosses among Red Seeded 3b which sets a high pistillate flower, the Chinese cultivar \u27Bei Jing C\u27, and two Japanese cultivars \u27Fujihikari TR\u27 and \u27Miyako 3 Go\u27. The proportion of hermaphrodoric flower in \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 is more than two times of the proportion of pistillate flowers in Japanese modern cultivars of \u27Ryuhou\u27 and \u27Fujihikari TR\u27. Moreover, \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 bears a higher proportion of hermaphrodoric flowers than Red Seeded 3b, the original breeding material. The pollination period for \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 is shorter than that of normal watermelon cultivars, because the interval of flowering in \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 is short. Consequently, \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 sets fruits intensively in a short time. The trait of high production of hermaphroditic flowers in \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 is polygenic according to the tests on F_1, F_2 and BC _1 derived from \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 and \u27Kleckley Sweet\u27 which sets few pistillate flowers. The fruits of \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 are slightly flattened round, green skin for the outer color and red flesh. The brix of the flesh is the same level as \u27Miyako 3 Go\u27. When using \u27Suika Chukanbohon Nou 1 Go\u27 as a material for breeding a cultivar with a high female flower-bearing trait, the cultivars or breeding lines with high fruit quality must be used for crossing as parents