Nonlinear optical absorption and reflection of single wall carbon nanotube thin films by ZZ-scan technique

"Both the nonlinear optical transmission and reflection characteristics of HiPco-based single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) thin films are studied by using the ZZ-scan method with femtosecond laser pulses at a wavelength of 1.46μm1.46μm. The nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index are obtained as (5.4±2.0)×10−7cm/W(5.4±2.0)×10−7cm∕W and (1.1±0.5)×10−11cm2/W(1.1±0.5)×10−11cm2∕W, respectively, which are considerably greater than those of other optical materials. This large optical nonlinearity is ascribed to (a) homogeneously deposited thin nanotube film on optically transparent barium fluoride, (b) just-resonant excitation condition, and (c) intrinsic saturable absorption feature of SWNTs.