A evolução a médio prazo da correção cirúrgica da estenose mitral congênita

OBJECTIVE: For a cohort of patients with congenital mitral stenosis (CMS), to determine: patient outcomes, predictors of valve repairability and predictors of durability of valve repair. METHODS: From 1989 and 2002, 23 patients underwent surgical treatment of CMS, excluding those with common atrioventricular canal, and univentricular forms. The median age at operation was 15.5 months (range 2-204), and the median body weight was 11 Kg (range 4.5-51.6). Seventeen patients (73.9%) had associated anomalies, including Shone's complex in nine (39.1%) and pulmonary hypertension in 14 (60.9%). Mitral stenosis was severe in 14 patients (60.9%) and moderate in the remaining (median trans-mitral gradient of 16 mmHg, range 8.5-32). Mitral valve repair was performed in 18 patients (78.3%), and valve replacement in five (21.7%). Repair techniques included papillary muscle splitting (n=10), excision of supravalvular ring (n=9) and commissurotomy (n=8). Twelve patients (52.2%) required associated procedures. RESULTS: There were no early and late deaths at a mean follow-up of 58.5 ± 46.7 months (range 1-156). Mean hospital stay was 12.7 ± 8.2 days. There were no significant factors associated with unsuccessful valve repair. Actuarial freedom from reoperation at five years was 67.1% (CI 95%: 56.8% to 77.4%). The mitral valve repair group required reoperation in eight patients (44.4%) (two early and six late), as opposed to one (20%) in the replacement group. The presence of preoperative pulmonary hypertension was significantly related (p<0.005) to higher reoperation rates. All but two the followed patients are presently in functional class I and the echocardiography has shown less than 2+ mitral stenosis and/or regurgitation. CONCLUSION: Reoperations were the most important cause of morbidity at the medium-term follow-up of CMS. Preoperative pulmonary hypertension may predict the need for reoperation after mitral valve repair, which is the procedure of choice in CMS.OBJETIVO: Analisar a evolução de pacientes portadores de estenose mitral congênita (EmiC) submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, buscando estudar os fatores desfavoráveis da plastia valvar e os seus marcadores de durabilidade. MÉTODO: De 1989 a 2002, 23 pacientes foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico da EmiC, excluindo aqueles com defeito do septo atrioventricular, e formas univentriculares. A idade mediana foi de 15,5 meses (variação de 2 a 204), e o peso mediano foi de 11 kg (variação 4,5 a 51,6 kg). Anomalias associadas estiveram presentes em 17 (73,9%), complexo de Shone em nove (39,1%) e hipertensão pulmonar em 14 (60,9%). A estenose mitral era grave em 14 (60,9%) pacientes, e moderada no restante (gradiente transmitral mediano de 16 mmHg, variação 8,5 a 32). A plastia valvar foi realizada em 18 (78,3%) pacientes e a troca em cinco (21,7%). As técnicas de plastia incluiram a papilarotomia (n=10), ressecção de membrana supravalvar (n=9) e comissurotomia (n=8). Doze (52,2%) pacientes requereram procedimentos associados. RESULTADOS: Não houve óbitos precoces ou tardios num seguimento médio foi de 58,5 ± 46,7 meses (variação 1 a 156 meses). O tempo médio de hospitalização foi de 12,7 ± 8,2 dias. Não foram encontrados fatores de risco associados a insucesso da plastia valvar. A curva atuarial livre de reoperações em cinco anos foi de 67,1% (IC 95%: 56,8% a 77,4%). O grupo submetido a plastia valvar necessitou de reoperação em oito (44,4%) pacientes, sendo dois precoces e seis tardios, comparados com uma (20%) reoperação no grupo submetido à troca valvar. A presença de hipertensão pulmonar no pré-operatório esteve relacionada significativamente (p