Soybean and bean germoplasm characterization by electrophoresis of seed isoenzymes

Foram estudadas, através de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, isoenzimas de sementes de plantas de dois cultivares de soja, IAC 6 e IAC 9, e de duas linhagens de feijão da variedade Goiano Precoce, uma com folha lisa e outra com folha rugosa, tendo em vista sua caracterização. Apesar de possuírem um parental em comum, os dois cultivares de soja diferiram entre si com relação aos perfis eletroforéticos de urease, fosfatase ácida, malato desidrogenase e leucina aminopeptidase evidenciando que essa técnica pode ser usada para discriminar outros cultivares de soja; entretanto as duas linhagens de feijão não diferiram entre si nos zimogramas estudados, indicando um grande parentesco e reforçando a hipótese de que a linhagem de folha rugosa poderia ter-se originado da linhagem de folha lisa por mutação de ponto.Seed isoenzymes of two soybean cultivars, IAC 6 and IAC 9, and two lines of the bean cultivar Goiano Precoce, one with smooth leaves and the other with wrinkled leaves, were studied through electrophoresis. The plants of soybean cultivars differed for the isoenzymes urease, acid phosphatase, malic dehydrogenase and leucine aminopeptidase. The results indicate that the two cultivars of soybean are very different genetically, despite their origin from a single, older variety. The eletrophoretic characters which differed between the two soybean cultivars may have potentiality for discriminating them among other cultivars. On the other hand, the lines of these bean cultivars did not differ in any of the analysed characters that would indicate a very close relationship between them. These results are consistent with the hypothesis, from morphological data, that wrinkled leaves Goiano Precoce could be originated from the other line with smooth leaves through a point mutation