GUAR GUM EFFECTS ON BLOOD SERUM LIPIDS AND GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS OF WISTAR DIABETIC RATS1

The effects of guar gum derived from the endosperm of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (75% soluble fiber, 7.6% insoluble fiber, 2.16% crude protein, 0.78% total lipids, 0.54% ash and 9.55% moisture) on diabetic rats were studied concerning food intake, body weight gain, blood serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol concentrations. The effect of gum on indexes of protein absorption and utilization was also investigated. Diets containing 0%, 10% and 20% (w/w) guar gum were fed to diabetic rats for 28 days. In spite of the fact that diabetes elevated blood lipids in all animals, guar gum diet significantly decreased (p <0.05) serum concentrations of cholesterol and triacylglycerols. Furthermore, a concomitant increase in HDL-cholesterol with a substancial elevation of the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio was found. The most significant result in this assay was the drastic reduction of blood glucose in diabetic rats treated with guar gum diet. The gum promoted a general improvement in the condition of the diabetic rats, in body weight gain and indexes of protein absorption and utilization. The results of this research suggest that guar gum, at concentrations equal to or higher than 10%, should be effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, in humans.Os efeitos da goma guar derivada do endosperma de Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (75% fibra solúvel, 7,6% fibra insolúvel, 2,16% proteína bruta, 0,78% lipídios totais, 0,54% cinza e 9,55% umidade) foram estudados em relação à ingestão de alimento, ganho de peso corporal, concentrações séricas de colesterol, triacilgliceróis, glicose, HDL e LDL-colesterol. O efeito da goma sobre índices de absorção e utilização de proteína também foi investigado. Dietas contendo 0%, 10% e 20% de goma guar foram utilizadas na alimentação de ratos diabéticos por 28 dias. Apesar do diabetes ter elevado os lipídios sangüíneos em todos animais, as dietas com goma guar decresceram significantemente (p