Značajke korištenja bezreceptnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani u trudnoći

Primjena lijekova u trudnoći podrazumijeva procjenu rizika i koristi za majku i dijete. Izbjegavanje lijekova može ugroziti oboje. S druge strane, nepotrebna primjena lijekova tijekom trudnoće predstavlja mogući rizik kod embrionalnog odnosno fetalnog razvoja. Neprimjereno korištenje lijekova bez nadzora zdravstvenog stručnjaka može povisiti rizik od nepovoljnog ishoda trudnoće. Prikladan savjet zdravstvenog djelatnika kod korištenja bezreceptnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani, u ovom slučaju ljekarnika, može značajno utjecati na pozitivan ishod liječenja i sprečavanje mogućih zdravstvenih rizika za majku i dijete. Cilj ovog rada je ispitati prevalenciju korištenja bezreceptnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani u trudnoći te procijeniti stavove, znanja i informiranost trudnica o korištenju istih. Ispitivanje je provedeno pomoću anonimnog anketnog upitnika na uzorku od 80 trudnica. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da se prije trudnoće samoliječilo 31,3 % ispitanica, a tijekom trudnoće došlo je do porasta na 36,3 %. Bezreceptni lijekovi koji su najčešće bili korišteni su paracetamol (kod 40 % ispitanica), topikalno klotrimazol (12,5 %), ibuprofen (7,5 %) i antacidi (5 %). Trudnice su ih koristile najviše protiv glavobolje, gljivičnih infekcija i žgaravice. Preporuke i savjete najčešće su tražile od ginekologa i ljekarnika, a vrlo rijetko na društvenim mrežama i internetskim forumima. Prenatalne formule u obliku dodatka prehrani koristio je velik broj trudnica, njih 77,5 %. Ostale dodatke prehrani, najviše magnezij, željezo i vitamin C, koristilo je 35 % ispitanica. Biljne pripravke koristio je mali broj ispitanica, njih 12,5 % budući da o sigurnosti njihove primjene imaju najmanje informacija. Istraživanje može potvrditi da se percepcija rizika od korištenja lijekova tijekom trudnoće mijenja. 42,5 % ispitanica ne slaže se s tvrdnjom da lijekove tijekom trudnoće treba potpuno izbjegavati, a njih 69 % smatra da je bolje za plod da koriste lijekove i ozdrave nego ne liječe bolest. 92 % ispitanica tvrdi da se valja prije korištenja biljnih pripravaka posavjetovati s liječnikom ili ljekarnikom. S obzirom na ukazano povjerenje te volju trudnica za dodatnim edukacijama, ljekarnici trebaju savjetovanju o samoliječenju tijekom trudnoće pristupiti s više samopouzdanja i sigurnosti.The use od medication during pregnancy implies risk and benefit assessment for both baby and the mother. Avoidance of medication use can put both to risk. On the other hand, unnecessary overuse of medication during pregnancy poses a potential embrio/fetal development risk. Inappropriate use of medication without supervision of a health care professional may increase the risk of an adverse pregnancy outcome. Suitable counseling with the health care professional (a pharamacist) about the OTC (Over The Counter, nonprescription drug) and deitary supplements's use may increase the chances of positive outcomes of medical treatments and prevent potential maternal and fetal risks. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of nonprescription drug and dietery supplements use during pregnancy, aswell as to evaluate women's beliefs and knowledge about it. Data for this study was collected using an anonymous questionnaire with 80 pregnant women. The results of this study show that 31.3 % of the subjects used self-medication before pregnancy, and during pregnancy the number increased to 36.3 %. The most commonly used OTC drugs were paracetamol (40 % of subjects), topical clotrimazole (12.5 %), ibuprofen (7.5 %) and antacids (5 %). Pregnant women used them mostly against headaches, fungal infections and heartburn. Recommendations and advice are often given by gynecologists and pharmacists, and very rarely on social networks and online forums. Prenatal formulas in the form of dietary supplements were used by a large number of pregnant women, 77.5 % of them. Other dietary supplements, mostly magnesium, iron and vitamin C, were used by 35 % of respondents. Herbal preparations were used by a small number of respondents, 12.5 %, since they have the least information on the safety of their use. The study could confirm that risk perception of drug use during pregnancy is changing. 42.5 % of respondents disagree with the claim that drugs during pregnancy should be completely avoided, and 69 % think it is better for the unborn child to use drugs and get well than not to treat the illness. 92 % of respondents claim that it is advisable to consult a physician or pharmacist before using herbal preparations. With regard to the trust shown and given, and the willingness of pregnant women to be educated on selfmedication, pharmacists need to approach counseling during pregnancy with more confidence