Monitoring the population dynamics of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L. 1758.) by using two types of pheromone traps in the locality Baštica

Jabuka (Malus domestica L. Borkh) smatra se kraljicom voća te je jedna od najzastupljenijih kultura na svijetu. Plemenita je kultura koja se ukorijenila u društvu od davnina. Zastupljena je u Zadarskoj županiji kao i šire. Plodovi dozrijevaju od početka ljeta do kraja zime, fenofaza dozrijevanja plodova najvećim djelom ovisi o sorti. Jedna od popularnijih sorata jabuke u RH je Idared. U istraživanju pokus je bio postavljen na sortama Zlatni Delicious i Granny Smith. Obe sorte su visokoproduktivne, mesnate i krupne te dozrijevaju kasno. Veliku problematiku u nasadima jabuka stvara jabučni savijač (Cydia pomonella L. 1758.), koji je najznačajniji tehnološki štetnik jabuke. Jabučni savijač ima dvije generacije godišnje iako u podnebljima u kojima dolazi do veće prosječne središnje efektivne temperature od prosječne može doci do pojave treće generacije ovoga štetnika. Pojava leptira počinje u svibnju iako u našem istraživanju pojava se dogodila znatno prije početkom travnja. Gusjenice jabučnog savijača stvaraju problem jer izjedaju plod jabuke i pune ga izmetom što može uzrokovati crvljivost ploda. Cilja ovoga rada je pomoću feromonskih lovki pratiti dinamiku populacije jabučnog savijača te pomoću prikupljenih podataka izraditi krivulju leta leptira koja će pomoći u boljem proučavanju biologije i ekologije ovog štetnika kao i određivanju optimalnog roka za početak zaštite. Feromonske ampule mijenjanje su 5 puta u vegetacijskom razdoblju. Lovka feromon je imala znatno veći uspjeh u ulovu savijača od lovke bisex. Sredstva koja su korištena sadrže djelatne tvari emamektin bezoat i klorantraniliprol. Prema krivulji leta preporučena su tretiranja insekticidima, tretiranja su izvršena kada smo u lovkama pronašli veći broj jedinki leptira. Pokus bi trebalo ponoviti u narednim vegetacijskim godinama kako bi se točnije odredio broj i pojava generacija savijača kao i najvažnije zaštita.Apple (Malus domestica L. Borkh) is considered as the queen of fruits and is one of the most common cultures in the world. It is a noble culture that has been rooted in society since ancient times. It is represented in Zadar trbial state and wider. The fruits ripens from the beginning of the summer to the end of the winter, the phenomenon of ripening the fruits depends largely on varieties. One of the most popular apple grapes in Croatia is Idared. In research, the experiment was set up on the varieties of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith. Both varieties are highly productive, fleshy and large and ripen late. A big problem in apple plants is the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L. 1758.), which is the most important apple technological pest. The apple moth has two generations per year though in climates with higher effective temperature than the average may result in the emergence of the third generation of this pest. The butterfly's appearance begins in May although our research has occurred much before the beginning of April. Caterpillars cause problems because they eat apple fruit and fill it with feces that can cause fruit crudness. The aim of this scientific work is to use the pheromone traps to hunt and monitor the dynamics of the codling moth population and to generate the butterfly curve using the collected data to help better study the biology and ecology of this pest as well as determine the optimal time to start the protection from codling moth. Pheromone ampoules were changed 5 times in the vegetation period. The pheromone trap had much greater success in capturing moths than bisex trap. The agents used include active substances emamectin bezoat and chlorantraniliprol. According to the flight curve it is recommended to treat with insecticides, treatment was performed when we found larger number of butterfly units in traps. The experiment should be repeated in the next vegetation years in order to determine the number and appearance of the codling moth generation as well as the most important the protection of apple tree