Distopijski romani: Upozorenje ili upute za uporabu : Upozorenje ili priručnik s uputama

Although the dystopian idea has been present in literature for over two thousand years, not until the second half of the nineteenth century did the dystopian literature become appreciated as an important cultural force. Dystopia found its roots in science fiction, but it has also blossomed in political fiction, and became a separate literary genre, following the developments of the first half of the twentieth century. The dystopian authors became social critics who examine the political practice of the world society. Two of the most important representatives of twentieth-century dystopian fiction -- George Orwell and Aldous Huxley -- both explored future states of their societies. In Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) George Orwell wanted to inform English society about the emerging political systems such as Bolsheviks or the Nazis. Orwell´s aim was to satirize the emerging vanity and popularity of governments. Huxley´s Brave New World (1931) portrayed a world where human beings were produced like clones and conditioned with artificial happiness through a never-ending variety of pleasures and seductions. These two visions may differ drastically because Brave New World is often perceived as a positive vision and Orwell´s Nineteen Eighty-Four as a nightmare vision of the future world. Yet, both Orwell and Huxley turned out to be prophets, and their dystopian novels became instruction manuals for many of today’s politicians, corporations and governments