Excitation control system of synchronous generator based on Unitrol 6080 converter and S7-1516 controller

U klasičnoj regulacijskoj strukturi sustav regulacije uzbude sinkronog generatora uključuje sustav uzbude i sinkroni stroj. Sustav uzbude uključuje regulator struje uzbude, regulator napona stezaljki generatora, regulator jalove snage i stabilizator elektromehaničkih oscilacija. U radu je dan pregled sustava uzbude Unitrol 6080 tvrtke ABB. To je statički sustav uzbude koji regulira napon na stezaljkama sinkronog generatora te odanu jalovu snagu izravnim upravljanjem struje uzbude putem tiristorskog usmjerivača. Sastoji se od regulatora napona generatora (PID tip), regulatora struje uzbude (PI tip) te nadređenog regulatora po jalovoj snazi i faktoru snage. U najkraćim crtama prikazan je matematički model sinkronog generatora te su navedene i detaljno opisane upravljačko-regulacijske funkcije sustava Unitrol. Obrađen je pogonski dijagram sinkronog hidrogeneratora te AVR ograničavači. Sustav uzbude ispitan je pomoću simulatora sinkronog generatora u stanjima praznog hoda te opterećenja. Opisan je SIMATIC programabilni logički kontroler s naglaskom na izvedbu S7-1500 korištenu pri izradi diplomskog rada. Algoritam za upravljanje pretvaračem implementiran je u inženjerskom alatu za SIMATIC STEP 7 unutar TIA Portala. Za izradu vizualizacijskog sučelja korišten je softver WinCC unutar TIA Portala.In classical regulation structure the excitation control system of a synchronous generator includes excitation system and synchronous machine. Excitation system includes excitation current controller, voltage controller of generator terminals, reactive power controller and power system stabilizer. This paper gives an overview of Unitrol 6080 excitation system of ABB Company. It is a static excitation system that regulates voltage of synchronous generator terminals and transferred reactive power by direct control of excitation current using thyristor converter. It includes generator voltage controller (PID type), excitation current controller (PI type) and superimposed controller of reactive power and power factor. The paper briefly shows a mathematical model of a synchronous generator and lists and describes in detail the controlling-regulation function of Unitrol system PQ diagram of a synchronous hydro generator and AVR limiters are given. Excitation system was tested using a synchronous generator simulator in conditions of idle and load. SIMATIC programmable logic controller is described with an emphasis on performance of S7-1500 used in preparing the thesis. An algorithm to control the drive was implemented in SIMATIC STEP 7 engineering tool in TIA Portal. WinCC software in TIA Portal was used to create a visualization interface