BP Filters Using Second-Generation Current Conveyors

U ovom radu je simuliran rad elektroničkog (CMOS) strujnog prijenosnika druge generacije (CCII) programom PSpice. Zatim je opisan postupak izračuna pojasno-propusnog (PP) filtra 4. stupnja po Chebyshevu (valovitost u području propuštanja 0,1dB) sa širinom pojasa propuštanja B=1kHz i centralnom frekvencijom f0=10kHz. Optimizirani su naponski i strujni nivoi signala u svim CCII čvorovima filtra. Realiziran je PP filtar s kaskadnom strukturom, pritom su se koristile Bikvadratne sekcije s integratorima s CCII, bazirane na direktnoj formi II. Jer ima nisku osjetljivost i uzemljene kondenzatore, ova filtarska sekcija pogodna je za realizaciju pomoću integriranih krugova, rad na visokim frekvencijama, s malom potrošnjom i niskim iznosima napona napajanja. Simulirana je amplitudno-frekvencijska karakteristika filtra pomoću programa za analizu mreža PSpice. Simulirana je osjetljivost amplitudne-karakteristike filtra na tolerancije pasivnih komponenti filtra (Monte Carlo postupkom) i termički šum na izlazu filtra. Kao strujni prijenosnik koristili su se: integrirani krug AD-844 i CMOS izvedbe CCII, te su uspoređeni dobiveni rezultati analize i mjerenja filtra, s obzirom na neidealnosti CCII.In this thesis an electronic version of second-generation CMOS current conveyor (CCII) has been simulated using PSpice. Then the procedure of calculation of fourth-order band-pass (BP) filter using Chebyshev approximation (with a band-pass ripple of 0,1dB) with a bandwidth of B=1kHz and center frequency f0=10kHz was calculated. Voltage and current levels of the signals have been optimized in all CCIIs nodes of the filter. The BP filter has been realized as a cascade; biquadratic sections with CCII integrators, based on the direct form II, have been used for it. Because of low sensitivity, and grounded capacitances, this filter section is appropriate for realization in integrated circuit technology, with high-frequency, low-power, and low-voltages operation. The Amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter using the circuit simulator program PSpice has been simulated. The sensitivity of the amplitude-frequency characteristic to the tolerances of the passive components in the circuit (using Monte Carlo runs), as well as, thermal noise at the filter’s output have been simulated. As current conveyors: the integrated circuit AD-844 and CMOS versions of CCII have been used, and the results of the filter analysis and measurement regarding nonidealities of CCII have been compared