Precision Positioning System Based on RTK Technology

U radu su opisana načela rada globalnih navigacijskih satelitskih sustava (GNSS) (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo, QZSS i NAVIC). Razmotreni su izvori pogrešaka koji utječu na točnost pozicioniranja GNSS tehnologija. Proučena su i objašnjena načela preciznog pozicioniranja primjenom Real Time Kinematic (RTK) pristupa i razmotreni moduli za implementaciju te tehnologije dostupni na tržištu. Razvijen je sklopovski i programski testni sustav za ispitivanje mogućnosti i značajki RTK pozicioniranja temeljen na jeftinom jednofrekvencijskom U-blox NEO-M8T modulu. Eksperimentalno su utvrđene granice točnosti pozicioniranja koje je moguće postići U-blox NEO-M8T modulom i istražen je utjecaj vanjskih uvjeta koji nepovoljno utječu na pozicioniranje.The paper describes operation principles of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo, QZSS and NAVIC). The sources of errors that affect the accuracy of GNSS positioning technologies were elaborated. The principles of precision positioning based on Real Time Kinematic (RTK) approach were elaborated and commercially available modules for implementation of RTK technology were considered. Hardware and software of system for testing capabilities and characteristics of RTK positioning based on low-cost single-frequency U-blox NEO-M8T module was developed. Positioning accuracy limits that can be achieved with U-blox NEO-M8T module were experimentally determined and external influences that negatively affect positioning accuracy were studied under different working conditions