Violent behavior among young football payers and behavioral characteristics of the coaches

Cilj ovog rada je dobiti uvid u doživljaj, odnosno iskustva doživljenog nasilnog ponašanja među mladim nogometašima te ih povezati s obilježjima ponašanja trenera. Specifični ciljevi su utvrditi oblike i mjeru u kojoj mladi nogometaši doživljavaju nasilje od strane svojih trenera i drugih nogometaša, koje oblike negativnog ponašanja trenera nogometaši doživljavaju i kakav rukovoditeljski stil percipiraju kod svojih trenera. Osim ovog daljnji specifični cilj ovog rada je i utvrditi postoje li razlike na gore navedenim konstruktima s obzirom na uspješnost momčadi. Ovaj rad dio je istraživačkog projekta „Zastupljenost nasilja i nesportskog ponašanja u nogometu mladih na području grada Zagreba“ koji se provodio na Edukacijskorehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu pod vodstvom izv.prof.dr.sc. Nevena Ricijaša. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom studenog i prosinca 2015. godine na uzorku od 454 mlada nogometaša iz 14 klubova s područja grada Zagreba, a prosječna dob sudionika je 16,4 godina. Kako bi se ostvarili ciljevi istraživanja, korišteni su sljedeći instrumenti: Upitnik o osnovnim sociodemografskim obilježjima, Upitnik zastupljenosti nasilja u sportu (Ricijaš i sur., 2016), Upitnik rukovođenja trenera (Chelladurai i Saleh, 1980) i Upitnik negativno ponašanja trenera (Greblo, 2011). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da treneri u uspješnijim nogometnim skupinama manifestirati više verbalnog nasilja. Osim toga, oni treneri koji su u skupinama s višom uspješnošću imaju i višu zastupljenost negativnog ponašanja prema mladim nogometašima. S druge strane ovim istraživanjem nije nađena razlika u doživljenom nasilju među mladim nogometašima s obzirom na uspješnost klubova u kojima ti nogometaši treniraju. Također, rezultati pokazuju da ne postoje razlike u trenerovim rukovoditeljskim stilovima u odnosu po uspješnosti klubova. Značajnost ovog rada je što daju uvid u postojanje i nepostojanje razlika među klubovima prema uspješnosti po pitanju nasilja i ponašanju trenera te ovi dobiveni rezultati mogu se koristit kao orijentir za druga istraživanja u ovom području.The aim of this paper is to explore the experience of violent behavior among young football players and to associate them with the traits of coach behavior. Specific goals of this paper are to determine the form and extent in which young footballers experience violence by their coaches and other football players, which forms of negative behavior of coaches are experienced by football players and what kind of managerial style they perceive in their coaches. In addition to this, further specific objective of this paper is to determine whether there are differences in the above constructs in regard to the teams success. This work is part of the research project "The prevelence of violence and unsportsmanlike conduct among young footballl players in the City of Zagreb", which was conducted at the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation at the University of Zagreb (head of the project was assoc. prof. Neven Ricijaš). The survey was conducted during November and December of 2015, on a sample of 454 young football players from 14 clubs in the area of Zagreb, with an average age of 16.4 years. In order to achieve the resarch goals, the following instruments have been used: Questionnaire on basic socio-demographic characteristics, Questionnaire on violence in sport (Ricijaš et al., 2016), Leadership Scale for Sports (Chelladurai and Saleh, 1980), and Questionnaire of coaches negative behavior (Greblo, 2011). The results show that the coaches in more successful football groups manifest more verbal violence. In addition, those coaches who are in higher-performing groups, also have a higher frequency of negative behavior toward young football players. On the other hand, this research did not find any difference in the perceived violence among young footballers depending on the level of the preformanc of the clubs in which these football players train. Also, the results show that there are no differences in the coach's managerial styles among the clubs with different levels of preformance. The significance of this paper is that it gives an insight into the differences between the clubs in regard to their teams success and the violence the youg football players expirience and of the coaches behavior. These results can be used as a guide for other research in this area