International and national regulations on carriage of goods by sea

U radu se detaljno analiziraju međunarodni i nacionalni propisi prijevoza stvari morem. Ugovorom o prijevozu stvari morem, prijevoznik se obvezuje prevesti stvari brodom, a naručitelj prijevoza obvezuje se platiti vozarinu. Na međunarodnoj razini, prijevoz stvari morem reguliran je s više međunarodnih konvencija. Prva konvencija su Haaška pravila iz 1924., koja su mijenjana i dopunjavana dvama protokolima iz 1968. i 1979. U dva navrata, propisi o prijevozu stvari morem, pokušali su se osuvremeniti donošenjem novih konvencija i to Hamburških pravila 1978. te Rotterdamskih pravila 2009. Hamburška pravila nisu doživjela širu primjenu, a Rotterdamska pravila još uvijek nisu stupila na snagu. Na nacionalnoj razini, prijevoz stvari morem reguliran je Pomorskim zakonikom iz 2004., koji se oslanja na rješnje iz Haaških pravila, zajedno s protokolima koji ih mijenjaju i dopunjuju. Pitanja raspodjele prava i obveza među strankama, prijevoznih isprava te odgovornosti prijevoznika za štete na stvarima i zakašnjenje najznačajnije su teme koje se obrađuju u svim propisima.The paper analyzes in detail the international and national regulations for the transportation of goods by sea. By contract of carriage of goods by sea, the carrier undertakes to translate the goods by boat, and the contractor is obliged to pay the fare. At international level, transport of goods is regulated by several international conventions. The first convention is the Hague Rules of 1924, which were amended and supplemented by two 1968 and 1979 Protocols. On two occasions, the regulations on the carriage of goods by sea have been attempted to modernize by the adoption of new conventions, such as the 1978 Hamburg Regulations and the Rotterdam Rules of 2009. Hamburg rules have not been widely applied, and the Rotterdam rules have not yet come into force. At national level, transport of goods is regulated by the Maritime Code of 2004, which relies on solutions from the Hague Rules, together with protocols that amend and supplement them. Issues of the distribution of rights and obligations between the parties, transport documents and liability of the carrier for damage to things and delays are the most important issues that are dealt with in all regulations