The significance of arhebacteria in biotechnology

Arhebakterije predstavljaju jedne od najstarijih organizama na Zemlji. Obuhvaćaju mikroorganizme visokospecijaliziranih osobina zahvaljujući razvoju u specifičnim područjima. Uglavnom obitavaju u ekstremnim okolišnim uvjetima što im omogućuje kemijski sastav citoplazmatske membrane, ali i fiziološki specijalizirane strukture. Po svojim morfološkim i fiziološkim karakteristikama u potpunosti se razlikuju od ostalih organizama. Pripadnici arhebakterija su metanogeni, termofili, ekstremno termofilne arhebakterije koje metaboliziraju sumpor, halofili, ekstremno halofilne arhebakterije, arhebakterijski sulfatoreduktori i arhebakterije bez stanične stijenke. Zahvaljujući navedenim karakteristikama, imaju velik potencijal za primjenu u biotehnologiji.Arhebacteria represents one of the oldest organisms on Earth. They include high-specific microorganisms due to development in specific areas. They mostly live in extreme environmental conditions, which allows them to have a chemical composition of cytoplasmic membranes, but also physiologically specialized structures. By their morphological and physiological characteristics they are completely different from other organisms. Archebacteria are methanogens, thermophiles, extreme thermophilic sulphur-dependent organisms, halophiles, extreme halophiles archebacterium and archebacterium without cell wall. Thanks to these characteristics, they have great potential for biotechnology applications