Vehicle Braking Elements in the Function of Road Traffic Safety

Sigurnost u cestovnom prometu ima veliku važnost. Jedan od elemenata koji utječe na sigurnost u cestovnom prometu je zaustavni put vozila. Zaustavni put se sastoji od puta reagiranja i puta kočenja te sigurnosnog razmaka. Put reagiranja uvelike ovisi o osobinama vozača, psihomotoričkim sposobnostima i uvjetima okoline. Put koji vozilo prijeđe od trenutka uočavanja opasnosti do trenutka djelovanja na kočnicu je put reagiranja. Put kočenja vozila ovisi o brojnim elementima kao što su: kočioni sustav vozila, pneumatici, stanje kolnika, vremenske neprilike i slično. Put kočenja je put koji vozilo prijeđe od trenutka djelovanja na kočnicu, pa sve do njegovog zaustavljanja. Znatno povećanje sigurnosti bi se postiglo s utjecajem na pojedine čimbenike koji određuju zaustavni put vozila poput povećanja koeficijenta trenja između pneumatika i kolnika, održavanje hrapavosti kolnika, povećanjem tehničke ispravnosti vozila, prilagođavanjem brzine kretanja vozila u odnosu na stanje kolnika i okoline i pravovremeno obavještavanje vozača o uvjetima na cesti.Safety in a road traffic is a very important. One of the principles that affect the safety in a road traffic is stopping distance. It consists of the reaction time and braking distance. Way of reaction depends of a driver's skills and characteristics, psychomotor capabilities and conditions of the environment. The time vehicle meets the moment of danger until the action of breaking is the reaction time. Braking distance depends of many principles, such as: breaking system of the vehicle, tires, road condition, weather conditions etc. The time a vehicle goes from the moment of action on brakes, until the stopping is a stopping distance. Significantly increase in safety would be influenced by certain factors that determine the stopping distance of vehicles such as increased friction coefficient between the pneumatic and the roadway, maintenance of the roughness of the pavement, by increasing the technical accuracy of the vehicle, by adjusting the speed of movement of a vehicle in relation to the condition of the road and the environment and timely informing the driver of the road conditions