BURNS IN CHILDREN

Opekline zahvaćaju najveći organ na ljudskom tijelu, koţu. Uloga koţe je višestruka, štiti od ulaska mikroorganizama i štetnih tvari, termoregulacijska, pomaţe u odrţavanju temperature, proizvodi vitamin D koji je vaţan za regulaciju kalcija u organizmu, izluĉuje razne tvari. GraĊena je od tri dijela, epidermis, dermis i hypodermis. Mala koliĉina masti, koju sadrţi djeĉja koţa, nije toliko uĉinkovita prepreka u gubitku tekućine, pa mala izloţenost višoj temperaturi moţe izazvati opekline koje zahtijevaju hospitalizaciju. Opekline se dijele na ĉetiri stupnja. Lijeĉenje ovisi o odluci lijeĉnika, moţe biti opće ili lokalno. Opekline su vaţan zdravstveni problem jer ostavljaju posljedice i na fiziĉkoj i psihiĉkoj razini. Kod opskrbe djeteta vaţno je posvetiti se i roditelju, ali ne pritom iskljuĉivati dijete. Medicinska sestra je vaţna prilikom zdravstvene njege djeteta, pazi da su zadovoljene sve fiziološke potrebe djeteta, da dijete bude zadovoljno i sigurno te brine o opeklini po odredbi lijeĉnika. Cilj rada je obraditi podatke o opeklinama kod djece u dobi do godine dana starosti, lokalizaciji opeklina, njihovom lijeĉenju, uzrocima nastanka i ishodu. Podaci su uzeti iz baze podataka klinike za djeĉju kirurgiju KBC-a Rijeka. U periodu 2004. – 2014. na kliniku za djeĉju kirurgiju javilo se ĉetrnaestero djece.Burns involve the largest organ on the human body, the skin. The role of the skin is multiple, protects entry of microorganisms and harmful substances, thermoregulates, helps maintain temperature, produces Vitamin D important for regulating calcium in orgnism, secretes various substances. It is made of three parts, epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. A small amount of fat contained in a child's skin is not so effective barrier to loss of fluid and low exposure to higher temperatures can cause burns requiring hospitalization. The burns are divided into 4 stages. Treatment depends on the physician's decision, may be general or local. Burns are an important health problem because they leave the consequences both physically and mentally. When supplying a baby, it is important to devote himself to the parent, but not to exclude the child. A nurse is important in the care of a child, ensuring that all the physiological needs of the child are met, that the child is satisfied and safe and that he or she cares about burns according to the physician's disposition. The aim of this paper is to provide information on burns in children up to one year of age, localization of burns, their treatment, causes of emergence, outcome. The data were taken from a KBC Rijeka children's clinic database. Between 2004 and 2014 at the clinic for pediatric surgery there were 14 children