Green roofs

Rad na temu zelenih krovova teorijski obrađuje sve od povijesti nastanka i faza razvoja pa do tehničkih detalja, a nastoji ukazati na prednost zelene prirodne izolacije. U uvodu je općenito obrađen krov koji se naziva i petim pročeljem, što dovoljno govori o njegovoj važnosti, a završni je i zaštitni pokrov građevine. Slijedi suženje teme na zelene krovove te uvodne riječi i citati pa zatim povijest. Naime, zeleni krov nije revolucionarna ili suvremena tehnološka ideja, on je poznat od najstarijih vremena čovjekove povijesti kada je čovjek bio u suživotu s prirodom. Razvojem industrije i gradnje čovjek je oduzimao sve više i više prirodi, a zeleni krovovi vid su vraćanja ali i mnogo više od toga. U svojstvima su opisane prednosti od bolje izolacije, zaštite, mikroklime, zraka i sustava odvodnje pa sve do povećanja energetskog razreda i ekonomičnosti te dužeg vijeka trajanja i pružanja novih korisnih i vizualno privlačnih površina. Potom slijedi struktura prema slojevima zelenog krova, pa podjela na: intenzivne, ekstenzivne, biotopske, ravne i kose krovove. Što se tiče zelenih površina najčešće su kombinirano ozelenjene vrlo različitim biljkama čiji odabir ovisi o mnogobrojnim faktorima. Nakon opisa biljnih vrsta dolazi održavanje istih ali i cjelokupnog zelenog krova. Održavanje može obuhvaćati i navodnjavanje što ovisi o vrsti krova, bilja ali i o klimatskim uvjetima koji su vrlo važan segment planiranja i izgradnje krova. Naposljetku, sanacijom i tehničkim detaljima zelenog krova zatvoren je teorijski pregled o zelenim krovovima.This paper theoretically covers everything about green roofs, from their occurrence and development phases to technical details about the roof itself, while trying to point out the benefits of natural green insulation. In the introduction chapter, the roof, which is the socalled fifth facade, is described and highlighted as the final protective layer of the building. The following chapter narrows down the topic to green roofs and their history, both with an introduction as well as famous quotes about green roofs. The idea about green roofs is not revolutionary or new in any way, in contrary, it has been around from the very beginnings of mankind where people lived in harmony with nature. With the development of industry and construction, mankind took more and more away from nature so the implementation of green roofs can be seen as a form of giving back but also much more than that. The properties section describes a whole array of advantages of green roofs ranging from better insulation, protection, microclimate and air factors, drainage methods to energy class growth, effectiveness, longevity as well as offering new useful and visually attractive spaces. In the following two sections the structure of the green roof is divided by each layer and then the types of green roofs are classified as intensive, extensive, biotope, flat and hip roofs. Frequently, green areas are implemented with the combined use of different plants which are selected depending on many factors. After that, the maintenance of the plants as well as the whole green roof is given. Maintenance can include irrigation which depends on the type of roof, type of plants as well as climate conditions which are an important segment of planning and executing the construction of the roof. Lastly, this theoretical overview is concludedwith the section about restoration and technical detailsof the green roofs