Bisphenol A and alkylphenols in shellfish tissue

Bisfenol A i alkilfenoli su industrijski važni spojevi koji su primjenu našli u proizvodnji raznih predmeta za svakodnevnu upotrebu. Proizvode se u velikoj količini, a u okoliš najčešće dospijevaju otpadnim vodama i razgradnjom proizvoda koji ih sadrže. Strukturno su slični estradiolu, spadaju u endokrine disruptore, a štetno djelovanje imaju na razne organizme u prirodi i na ljude. U ekosustavu mora su pronađeni u gotovo svim testiranim uzorcima, a hrana iz mora predstavlja za ljude jedan je od važnijih putova unosa. Manji broj istraživanja su provedena u Jadranskom moru, a detektirala su ove spojeve u sedimentu i tkivu školjkaša. Ovi spojevi se određuju tehnikama HPLC i LC-MSMS uz prethodno pročišćavanje uzoraka ekstrakcijom na krutoj fazi. Publiciranu metodu za određivanje ovih spojeva u tkivu ribe testirali smo na uzorcima tkiva školjkaša dagnje (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Metodom u kojoj se koriste SPE kolonice (Affinimip Bisphenol A) specijalizirane za pročišćavanje uzoraka s bisfenolom A i srodnim spojevima nije se na zadovoljavajući način odvojilo tražene spojeve od nečistoća prisutnih u tkivu školjkaša. Optimiziranjem uvjeta pročišćavanja i eluiranja sa SPE kolonica nije se postiglo optimalno kvantificiranje uzoraka tehnikom HPLC. Problem kvantificiranja BPA uz koeluirajuće nečistoće uspješno je riješen korištenjem tehnike LC-MSMS.Bisphenol A and alkylphenols are industrially important compounds found in the widely used products. They are produced in large quantities and consequently arrive in the environment, most often with wastewater and degradation of the products that contain them. They are structurally similar to estradiol, that place them in the group of the compounds called endocrine disruptors with harmful effects exhibited in humans and various other organisms. These compounds are detected in almost all biological samples collected in the sea with seafood representing one of the most important absorption pathways for humans. In the limited number of studies conducted in the Adriatic Sea these compounds have been detected in the sediment and shellfish tissue. Most appropriate techniques for their determination are HPLC and LC-MSMS preceded with Solid Phase Extraction. We have tested published method used for determination of these compounds in the fish tissue sample on the mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples. Method using specialized SPE columns (Affinimip Bisphenol A) designed for purification of Bisphenol A and similar compounds was not successful in separation of these compounds from impurities in the shellfish tissue. Quantification of these compounds using HPLC was not successful after optimization of SPE purification and elution conditions. Using LC-MSMS quantification of Bisphenol A in the shellfish tissue was successfully accomplished