Automation of the Steam Generator

Brodski generator pare koristi se za proizvodnju vodene pare odreĎenog tlaka i temperature i ima široku primjenu te kao takav predstavlja jedan od važnijih brodskih sustava, izrazito bitan za rad cjelokupnog energetskog brodskog sustava. Para se koristi kao radni medij za pogon parnih turbina te za prijenos toplinske energije raznim pomoćnim ureĎajima za grijanje, kao što su sustav za grijanje i regulaciju temperature goriva, regulaciju temperature glavnog i pomoćnih dizel motora, rad ureĎaja za desalinizaciju i slično. Generator pare predstavlja složen sustav i jedan je od zahtjevnijih brodskih sustava po pitanju upravljanja. U radu su opisani osnovni dijelovi i objašnjen je princip rada i način upravljanja brodskog generatora pare temeljem Kongsbergovga simulatora brodske strojarnice supertankera ERS L11 5L90MC–VLCC, instaliranog na Pomorskom Fakultetu u Splitu. Radi se o pogonu u službi dizel-mehaničke propulzije koja je uobičajena kod trgovačkih brodova, a u konkretnom slučaju predstavlja strojarnicu supertankera za prijevoz sirove nafte. Analizirana je struktura upravljačkog sustava i način implementacije iste. Analizirano je djelovanje regulatora razine vode u kotlu i njegov utjecaj na brzinu vrtnje i snagu parnih turbina za slučaj poremećaja u sustavu goriva za napajanje plamenika.Marine steam generation plant is used for the production of water steam of desired pressure and temperature and has wide application on board ship, representing one of the most important marine systems, extremely important for the operation of the entire ship power system. The steam is used as a steam turbine working medium and for the transfer of heat to various devices and systems, such as oil heating and temperature control, main and auxiliary diesel engine temperature control, evaporator operation, etc. Marine steam generation plant is a complex system, demanding in terms of control. The paper describes basic parts, operation and control principles of the ship's steam generator based on the Kongsberg engine room simulator, ERS L11 5L90MC-VLCC, installed at the Faculty of Maritime Studies in Split. It is a diesel-mechanic propulsion plant that is common in merchant ships, and in this case is represents an engine room of a very large crude carrier (VLCC). The control system architecture and its implementation are analyzed. As an example of the possibility of analysing the operation of the system in case of unexpected situations, a simulation of the failure of the boiler steam pressure during the operation of the steam turbines operating the oil pumps was performed. For this case, the response of the water level regulator in the boiler was recorded