Special features of the newly created grapevine varieties (V.vinifera L.)tolerant to fungal diseases

Vinova loza (Vitis vinifera) je jedna od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka. Prisutna je i gospodarski vaţna u gotovo svim zemljama svijeta zbog vrijednosti svojih plodova. Do samog unaprjeĎenja u oplemenjivanju dolazi u 19. stoljeću nakon pojave gljivičnih oboljenja. Poznato je da se posljednjih godina teţi stvaranju što kvalitetnijih sorti vinove loze, tolerantnih na gljivična oboljenja, osobito prema pepelnici i plamenjači. Zahvaljujući radu oplemenjivača na različitim institutima dobivene su nove sorte vinove loze otporne na gljivična oboljenja, genetska osnova tih sorti je većinskim udjelom europska, a s manjim dijelom predstavlja američku germplazmu. Obzirom na kakvoću i ampelografske karakteristike, nove sorte se ne razliku od europskih predaka, no sadrţe dio genetske osnove američkih sorti koja ih čini tolerantnim prema gljivičnim oboljenjima. Priznavanjem novonastalih sorti u sortu Vitis vinifere povećava se njihova popularnost i olakšava se širenje.The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the oldest cultivated plants. It is present and economically important in almost all countries of the world because of the value of its fruits. Until the advancement in breeding comes in the 19th century after the appearance of fungal diseases. It is known that in recent years it has been striving to develop as high quality grape varieties, tolerant to fungal diseases, especially as powdery mildew and downy mildew. Thanks to the work of breeder at various institutes, new grape varieties with fungal diseases have been obtained, the genetic basis of these varieties being the majority European, with a smaller proportion representing the american germplasm. Given the quality and ampelographic characteristics, the new varieties are not distinct from European ancestors, but contain some of the genetic basis of American varieties that makes them tolerant to fungal diseases. Recognition of newly grown varieties in the Vitis vinifera variety increases their popularity and facilitates the spread