The effect of listening to music on positive and negative affect in students with different emotional intelligence

S obzirom da je odnos glazbe, pozitivnog i negativnog afekta i emocionalne inteligencije nedovoljno istražen, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj slušanja glazbe na pozitivan i negativan afekt kod osoba s višom i nižom emocionalnom inteligencijom. Istraživanje je provedeno u prostorijama Sveučilišta u Zadru kroz tri mjerenja u periodu od dva tjedna. Uzorak se sastojao od ukupno 40 studentica psihologije u dobnom rasponu od 18 do 26 godina. Emocionalna inteligencija ispitana je tijekom prvog mjerenja preko Upitnika emocionalne kompetentnosti (UEK-45, Takšić, 2002). Pozitivan i negativan afekt mjerio se kroz tri mjerenja u razmacima od tjedan dana, i to prije i poslije slušanja glazbe. Za ispitivanje pozitivnog i negativnog afekta korišten je PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Watson i sur., 1988, Fuček, 2007). Glazba koju su ispitanice slušale tijekom ispitivanja sastojala se od isječaka pjesama 22 različita žanra, a cijeli eksperiment je bio postavljen unutar E-prime v2.0 programa (Schneider, Eschman i Zuccolotto, 2002). Rezultati istraživanja sugeriraju kako je slušanje glazbe kod sudionica više emocionalne inteligencije značajno utjecalo na smanjivanje negativnog afekta, dok na pozitivan afekt nije imalo značajan utjecaj. Kod sudionica niže emocionalne inteligencije slušanje glazbe značajno je utjecalo na povećanje pozitivnog i smanjenje negativnog afekta samo na prvom mjerenju, dok druga dva mjerenja slušanje glazbe nije značajno utjecalo na pozitivan i negativan afekt. Pozitivan afekt smanjivao se kroz mjerenja i kod sudionika više i kod sudionika niže emocionalne inteligencije tj. i pozitivan i negativan afekt najviše je bio izražen na prvom mjerenju, a najmanje na trećem mjerenju, dok se negativan afekt smanjivao samo kod sudionica niže emocionalne inteligencije.Since the relationship between music, positive and negative affect and emotional intelligence is quite unexplored, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of music on positive and negative affect of participants with higher and lower emotional intelligence. The research was carried out at the premises of University of Zadar through three measurements during a period of two weeks. The sample consisted of a total 40 female psychology students from 18 to 26 years of age. Emotional intelligence was tested during the first measurement through the Questionnaire of emotional competence (UEK-45, Takšić, 2002). Positive and negative affect were measured through three measurements during a period of three weeks, before and after listening to music. PANAS (Positive and Negative Influence Schedule, Watson et al., 1988; Fuček, 2007) was used to examine positive and negative affect. Music that participants listened to consisted of 22 different genres of tracks, and the entire experiment was set within the E-prime v2.0 program (Schneider, Eschman and Zuccolotto, 2002). The results of the research suggest that among participants with higher emotional intelligence listening to music significantly influenced the reduction of negative affect, while listening to music did not have a significant impact on positive affect. Among participants with lower intelligence the influence of listening to music significantly influenced the increase in positive and decrease in negative affect only on the first measurement, while during the other two measurements music listening did not significantly affect the positive and negative affect. Positive affect was reduced, through the measurements, among participants with higher and lower emotional intelligence, while negative affect was reduced only among the participants with lower emotional intelligence