Differences in Sleeo habits and Quality of Sleep in Students Engaged in Two Different Educational Systems

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati razlikuju li se navike i kvaliteta spavanja studenata iz dvije generacije koje su u razmaku od deset godina studirale u dva različita sustava visokog obrazovanja. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 1083 studenata Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, od čega je 544 sudionika ispitano 2004. godine, a 539 sudionika - uključenih u novi bolonjski sustav studiranja – ispitano je 2014. godine. Raspon dobi sudionika bio je od 18 do 28 godina, 52 % sudionika bilo je ženskog spola. Za istraživanje je korišten Upitnik o spavanju studenata koji je sadržavao pitanja o navikama spavanja u tjednu i vikendom, Skalu pospanosti te Skalu problema sa spavanjem i budnošću. Utvrđeno je kako se dvije generacije studenata ne razlikuju u trajanju spavanja radnim danom, ali novija generacija studenata vikendom dulje spava, ranije odlazi na spavanje i ranije se budi od generacije koja je studirala deset godina ranije. Studenti iz bolonjskog sustava studiranja imaju stabilniji raspored spavanja: manje pomiču vrijeme odlaska na spavanje i vrijeme buđenja vikendom u odnosu na radne dane. Također, studenti iz bolonjskog sustava studiranja izražavaju veću subjektivnu pospanost. Utvrđene su razlike u spavanju s obzirom na spol. U generaciji 2004. mladići su odlazili na spavanje kasnije nego djevojke i radnim danom i vikendom. Međutim, u generaciji 2014. nema razlike u vremenu odlaska na spavanje između mladića i djevojaka. Nadalje, utvrđeno je da mladići u novijoj generacije iskazuju manje problema sa budnošću i spavanjem nego djevojke iz iste generacije, kao i manje problema nego što su to iskazivali mladići u starijoj generaciji.The aim of this study was to investigate whether sleep habits and quality of sleep differed between two generations of students who studied in two different systems of higher education separated by a ten-year period. The study included 1083 University of Zagreb students, of which 544 participants were examined in 2004, while 539 participants were examined in 2014 after introduction of Bologna reforms. Participants aged from 18 to 28 years; 52% were female. The Student Sleep Habits Survey, which included questions about sleep habits on weekdays and weekend, the Sleepiness Scale and the Sleep/Wake Behavioural Problem Scale, was used in this study. We found no difference in sleep duration on weekdays between two generations of students, but the generation of students engaged in the new educational system on weekend slept longer, went to bed earlier and woke up earlier. We found that students who studied in 2014 - in the new educational system - had more regular sleep schedule with smaller weekdays/weekend differences in wake time and bedtime. Students of the new educational system had higher scores on the Sleepiness scale. We found differences in sleep regarding gender. In 2004 male students went to bed later then female students, both during week and on weekend. However, in 2014 there were no differences in the bedtimes between male and female students. Further, the study showed that male students in the generation that studied in 2014 reported less sleep/wake behavioural problems then female students from the same generation, and less problems than male students engaged in the old educational system ten years earlier