ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL BY USING OF NORM AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Tema diplomskog rada je „PRORAČUN POSUDA POD TLAKOM PREMA NORMI I PRIMJENOM METODE KONAČNIH ELEMENATA“. Rad obuhvaća proračun i konstrukciju posude pod tlakom za skladištenje stlačenog zraka. Posuda je izrađena od čelika za kotlove i posude pod tlakom P355GH, kapaciteta 377 l. Konstruirana je prema pravilniku o tlačnoj opremi, proračunata je prema ASME odjeljak VIII dio 1 i 2 i EN normi 13445 te je napravljena analiza primjenom metode konačnih elemenata. Dodatno je proračun prema normi odrađen i u softveru PVElite, dok su oslonci naknadno analizirani pomoću softvera NozzlePRO. Spremnik se sastoji od cilindričnog plašta i dvije eliptične podnice te je oslonjen na dva oslonca. Vanjski promjer posude je = 410 mm, projektni tlak iznosi 10 bar, a projektna temperatura iznosi 150°C. Proračun prema spomenutim normama odnosi se na sve konstrukcijske elemente posude pod tlakom. Dobiveni rezultati su uspoređeni s analizom u softverskom paketu ANSYS u kojoj je korištena metoda konačnih elemenata. Na taj su se način analizirale prednosti i nedostaci spomenutih dvaju pristupa te se na kraju pokušalo izvesti činjenice i zaključke što je dobro učiniti u inženjerskoj praksi kako bi se ubrzao budući rad i uštedjelo na vremenu, pa tako i na novcu. U prvom dijelu rada su dani osnovni pojmovi i definicije u području opreme pod tlakom, definirano je što su to posude pod tlakom, od kojih se materijala izrađuju te koje su im konstrukcijske značajke. Također navedeni su važeći zakoni i zakonske regulative u području opreme pod tlakom u Republici Hrvatskoj. U drugom dijelu rada su odabrani vrsta i oblik posude pod tlakom, definirana je njezina konstrukcija i ulazni podaci za proračun. Osmišljena posuda pod tlakom je također klasificirana prema HRN M.E2.150 i HRN M.E2.151 te prema europskoj direktivi – Pravilnik o tlačnoj opremi. Prema definiranom projektnom zadatku obavljeni su svi potrebni proračuni uz dane komentare i zaključke dobivene iz analize rezultata. Prije samog uvoda u temu diplomskog rada naglasio bih kako su svi konstrukcijski elementi proračunate posude pod tlakom popraćeni tehničkom dokumentacijom koja se nalazi na kraju rada u poglavlju „PRILOZI“. Također izrađen je i prostorni 3D model radi prikaza i percepcije posude u prostoru uz upute za rad i korištenje. Obje stavke su odrađene u programskom paketu SolidWorks 2012.Thesis is ": ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL BY USING OF NORM AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD ". The work includes the design and construction of pressure vessels for the storage of compressed air. The vessel is made of steel for boilers and pressure vessels P355GH, capacity 377 liters. It is designed according to the regulations on pressure equipment, calculated according to ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 and EN standard 13445 and an analysis is made using the finite element method. Additionally, according to the standards calculation is made in software PVElite, while the supports are subsequently analyzed using software NozzlePRO. The pressure vessel consists of a cylindrical shell and two elliptical heads and it is supported on two supports. The outer diameter is = 410 mm, design pressure is 10 bar and the design temperature is 150°C. Calculation according to these standards is applicable to all structural elements of pressure vessel. The results were compared with analysis using software package ANSYS which is using finite element method. In this way the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches were analyzed and finally attempted to carry out the facts and conclusions as well do it in engineering practice in order to expedite future work and save time, and thus the money. The first part of master thesis is consisted of basic terms and definitions in the field of pressure equipment, definition of pressure vessels, of which materials are made and their constructional features. Also the applicable laws and regulations in the field of pressure equipment in Croatia are listed. In the second part of master thesis are selected the type and form of pressure vessel, defined is construction and input data is given for the calculation. Designed pressure vessels is also classified according to HRN M.E2.150 and M.E2.151 and according to the European Directive - Ordinance on pressure equipment. According to a defined project task performed are all the necessary calculations with the given comments and conclusions derived from the analysis of results. Before the introduction to the topic of this thesis I would point out that all the structural elements of calculated pressure vessel are accompanied by technical documentation, which is located at the end in the chapter "APPENDIX". 3D model is made too to display pressure vessel better and make perception much easier in the area with the instructions for operation and use. Both items were carried out in the software package SolidWorks 2012